ZOMITE' PIANKHIATNA THU

Zomite Koipan Hong Piang
                                                                                           Agelh leh a kaikhawm:Tg.Hangdal

Thumasa

Zom tangthu kante kan na panin,Zomite' thu gendan leh muhdan a ki banglo ding tawh kibang hi.Ahi zonghin Mongolia pan a pai i hihna mi khempeuh in,kipom kimciat hi.Tua hihman in Zomite pianna thu,a kicing theipen leh a tom theipen dingin hih anuai ah ki gelh hi.

Ei Zomite' pen tuma kum tampi lai-in,Mongolia gam pan in Tibet gam sung mualsang tung a om,Mongol minam sungpan apiang,Mongolia minam ih hi hi.Tua hun lai-in,siak haksat hun ahihman in,sing zum suang zum tawh galkido in a nungta Zomite ih hi a,Mun kip gam kip neilo in a lal kawikawite' ih hi hi.

Zomite Piankhiatna Thu

Tibet gam sungah ih teen lai-in,Kawlgam ah Nigarito leh Indozini te na tengg khin zo uh hi.Tibet gamah gal leh sa haksa in Monkhama Taishan leh Tibeto Burman minam lian thum in na khen uh a,Monkhama minamte in Salween gun leh Mechaung gun dung zui-in,Kawlgam na tung uh hi.Kawlgam a tengsa Nigarito leh Indozini mite hawlkhia-in Irrawady,Sittaung leh Salween gun kuamtengah na tengg uh hi.Kawlgam sungah a teng miteng lakpan in,a tengmasapen te ih hi hi.Kawlgam mi hong tam semsem ciangin mun tuamtuam ah na lal kawikawi uh a,tua hun a minthang kumpite in Tuhawanabungmih(Thanto),Hantawady(Okkalapa),Dagon,Bassein,Thanlyan,Twinty,Moulmein,Pegu leh Mohatama khuapite' ahi hi.

Monkhama minamte Kawlgam a tun zawh asawtlo in,Tibeto Burman a kici minamte' Tibet gam nisuah na lam teng Bramaputra gun dung zui-in na lal uh a,tua pan Irraway leh Talawady(Chindwin)gun dung zui-in,Kawlgam a lut mite ahi uh hi.Tua minamte Takaung khua-ah na teng uh a,Kawlgam a tung minam nihnate na hi uh hi.

BC 100 kumpawl in China gam Yangyi gun khang lama teng Taishan mite in China kumpi kumpi khutnuai leh ukna thuak zolo in,Shan gam tengah na teng uh hi.AC 200 kum pawlin,Asia gampan Karen mite hong lal in,Irrawady leh Salween gun kuam kikal ah hong teng uh a,tua mun pan pawlkhatte zang gam leh pawlkhatte mualtungah na teng uh hi.Zanggam Karente leh mualtung Karen mite na hi uh hi.(1947 kum G.E Harvey gelh,"Outline of Burma History" leh 1947 kum Daw Thein gelh,"Burmese History",laibu sungah ki ciamteh hi.)

(a)Pyun,Kanyan,Tet Minam Kipat Khiatna

Tua hun lai-in Kawlgam sunga tng minamte in amau leh amau ki uk uh hi.Takaung khua ah  Abrirasa in kumpi sem a,a sih ciangin a tapa kanyasakyi  leh Kanyasage apa kumpi za ki tuh uh hi.Kanyasage kumpi a suak hi.A upa kanyasakyi  Takaung khuapan in a galkapte tawh Talawady(Chindwin)gunkan in Bunglung(Zasagyo)khua na sat uh hi.

Kanyasage kumppai a sih ciangin,Duatapoing in a za laihin Takaung khuapan lalkhia a,Tazikhitaza khua asat hi.Duatapong a sih ciangin,Tamudare in kumpi sema,gam leh lei makaih zolo in AC 721 kum kim pawlin Tazekhitiza khua kisia a,Pyu,Kanyan,Tet minam thum in hong kikhen uh hi.Pyu te Kawlmi,Kangyante Rakhine mi,Tet minamte(Chin)Zomite na hi uh hi.(G.E Harvey gelh,"Outline Burma History"ah ki gelh hi.)

Tua bang minam thum hong kikhen uh ciangin,Pyu leh Kayan te hong kido uh a,Kayan te in Tazekhitaza khua hong nusia in nitum na lam Tahndwe(Sandoway)mualtungah na teng uh hi.Pyu minam sungah,ki lemlohna hong piang veve hi.Amau leh amau hong ki do uh hi.Pyu te khen thum hong kihen uh a,khenkhat in Diahbenmite beelin,Khenkhat in Tet mite beelin,khenkhat in Tazekhitaza puahpha in na teng uh hi.(G.E Harvey gelh,"Outline Burma History", leh Daw Thein gelh,"Burma History",ah ki gelh hi.)

(b)Tet(Chin) minamte Khenpi Thum in Kikhen

AC 721 kum Tamuhdare kumpi hun sungin,Tazekhitaza kisia ahihman in,minam lian thum in a kikhen khit uh ciangin,Chin(Zomi)te in mun leh gam zong dingin,a sul masa uh gun dung mah hong zui kik uh a,khenpi nih in ong kikhento uh hi.

A pai masate Irrawady leh Chindwin ki tuahna mun a tun uh ciangin,nahtang tampi a pona mun hong tuak uh hi.A nung hong pai a naute' theih dingin,nahtang kungte tem tawh sattan uh hi.Tua nahtang sattan te asawtlo in hong dawk kik pah a,tua ciangin paito suak lai uh a,"ih ute pha zo nawn kei ni"ci-in Bahmaw gam teng ah khua na sat pah uh hi.Tua mite pen Tet pan Kachin mite na kici uh hi.A ute uh tawh a kiman suah na uh a phawkna dingin,tempaai a bawl uh ciangin,a pheel langkhat bek a bawk uh hi.Inn a lam uh ciangin zongh,a ute' tun na ding ci-in dei khat awng sak den uh hi cih thu 1978 kum akibawl"Kalzang Suante beh Tangthu",sungah ki gelh hi.

A pai masate pai na atehih zawh nawnlo uh ciangin,anaute in Chindwin gun hong kantan uh a,Sagaing,Monywa,pagan,Nyuangoo khuate sat in na teng uh hi.Tua gam a teen sungin Tet pen Chin min hongpia a,tua a teenna mun teng pen,"Chinte phual kici-in,tudongin a mun a gam ciapteh theih ding in om lai hi.Tua hun a kipan Talawady pan Chindwin gun ci-in kikhel hi.

Monywa khua kiang Sabani khua pan in tai nihna mun ah Chinte' tual biakna bawlna suangpi' pi sawm leh thum(13')a sangkhat tu dongin,muh theih ding om a,tua mun pen Kawlte in,"Chin Phaya"(Chin god)na ci uh hi.Zomite in "pasian Phaya"cih  hin mun pek pan a piang  kammal a hi hi.(Falam gam kum 100 cin magazine laibu,laimai 232 ah ki gelh hi.)Pagan khua min hong pian theihna a cil in Pugamah,Pigamah cih kammal hi a,tua pan Pagan kici hi cih thu,U Ba Than gelh,"Kyaungtung Myanma  Yazawin',tangthu bu sung leh Dr.Neih Sial Tualcin Ph.D gelh,"Guite kual a lutna",laimai 2 ah leh AD 1044 a Kawlte khuapi Pagan pen ihpu ihpa te phuahsa hi ci-in,ki gelh.

(c)Tet minamte Ki ukna

Tua hunin a mau tun na tek uh ah amau leh mau ki uk uh hi.Kawlgam sungah Pyu.(Mon leh Tet (Chin)kumpite minthan hun ahi hi.Tua hun lai China gam vilte tawh sum kilei ki zuak ki nei uh a,AD 750 kum in China kumpipa Kolofeng in Pyu kumpi gam simin na zo a,Pyu kumpipa neihsa teng leh a galkap teng matsakin Kunming khua ah a ciah pih hi.Tua hun in Tet(Chin)te teen na singkulh tawh ki um in,a laizangah kumpi-inn kilam hi.Kumpi inn kimkot ah sing khuam phut in kham leh Ngun tawh kumpi inn zem hi ki ci hi.(JH Tun Thawng gelh,"Zomite Takhhana",laibu.)

(d)Tette'  phualpi Pagan pan Kikhenna

AD 835 kumin Nancho kumpi in Tet kumpi khua Pagan sim in na zo a,a kahm a ngen te leh a galkap 3000 matsak in,Irrawady gun dung aom Kham leh ngente a zongsak hi.Tet te in Nacho kumpi lel uh a hihman un,kithehthang leuleu uh a,pawlkhatte Irraway gun dung zui-in Prome,Tahazet,Aunglan,Minbu gam tengah lal khia uh hi.Tua te in Plain Chin,Asho chin,Salai Chin kici uh hi.Pawlkhate Kaladan gun dung zui-in,na lal leuleu uh a,Mindat,Kanpelet gam a tengg te Cho kici-in,Paletwa gam a tengte Khumi kici uh hi.

Pawlkhatte in Chindwin gun dung zuito uh a,Chindwin leh Meitei gun ki tuahna mun a tun uh ciangin galnan na dingin,mun hoihsa uh hi.Khaman(Kale)leh Natchaung(Enden)kuam tengah AD 850 pawl in na tung uh hi.A om lai pawlkhate Chindwin gun dung zuito Mawlaike saklam na tung uh hi..Tua mite in tu hun ciangin Kuki(Tangkun)leh Naga(Phizo) minamte a hi uh hi.Pawlkhatte Pagan,Nyuangoo mun tengah lokho in teng uh hi.

Tet (Chin)minamte a tuntun na uh ah amau leh mau ki uk in,Khaman(Kale)a tun uh ciangin,a om sa Shan mite uk sung tung kha uh ahihman in,nuamsa lo uh hi.Tua Khaman a om sungin,Shante ngeina zui-in,Langkui mual(Kalay Natchaung kikal)kum simin bawngkhat ta tawh bia uh hi.

Hih bangin ei Zomite nuntak nopna zon na leh gal leh sa kihtakna hangin,mun tuam tuam gam tuamtuam ha kithehthang hanga,kampau mukpau te ki theih pih nawnlo in,a sau vei ciangin ih teen na mun leh gam zui-in,minam tuamtuam,beh leh phung tuamtuam ih hita hi.

(e)Tu lai Zomite' Teenna Mun Leh Minamte'

1.Tedim,Tonzang gam sung a om te in Zo,Yo,Yao,kici a,tua teng pen tu-in "ZOMI" ci-in khat leh khat kisam hi.

2.Falam,Hakha leh Thantlang gam sung teng a omte in LAI,LAIZO cih kisam na pan"LAIMI"ci-in khat leh khat kisam hi.

3.Mindat,Kanpalet gam sung teng a omte in CHO,CHOU<CHHAW,ci-in kisam uh hi.(Cho pen mualtung mi,Zomi tawh kibang hi.

4.Paletwa gam sung teng a om te KHU,KHUMI,leh KHAMI ci-in kisam uh hi.

5.India gam,Mizo gam sung a omte in MIZO cin nam khat bek in kisam uh hi.

6.India gam,Asaam leh Manipur gam sung a om te pen nidangin,PAITE ci-in kisam uh a,ahizongh in tu-in ZOMI ci-in amaan thu mu uh hi.Tu-in tua mah tawh kisam ta uh hi.

7.Naga gam mualdun teng leh Mawlaik gam sung a omte in TANGKHUL na kici uh hi.

8.Matupi gam sung a omte in,ZO leh LAI ci-in nam nih in na kisam uh hi.

9.Zang gam sung a om ahi Tayet,Tantwe,Aunglan,Minbu,Taungdwingyi,Natmauk,Pyinmana khuapi a tengte in ASHO CHIN na kici uh hi.

10.India leh Kawlgam kikal gam nawl khuate ahi Tamu,Homalin khua a tengte pen Mikang te'n,Zogam hong uk hun lai un,KUKI ci-in na kisam uh a,tu-in KUKI,KHUANGSAI leh THAHDO ci-in na kisam uh hi.

11.Rakhaing gam sung a omte in,CHAW,KYAW ci-in kisam uh hi.

12.AD 1300 kum kim pawlin Pagan a om mualsuang laite tungah a ki gelh lai ah,Kawlte'n Zomite' pen CHIN,KHYANG leh CHYN ci-in hongsam uh hi.

13.Shan leh Kachinte in,CHANG,KHANG in hong sam uh hi.

14.Karen leh Rakhaingte in,CHAW ci-in hong sam uh hi.

15.Mon minam te'n CHIENG,KHYENG ci-in hongsam uh hi.

(F)ZOMI Namte sungah Minam Neu Tuamtuam Kikhenna

Kawlgam sungah minam lianpi 6 na om a,tua sungpan in nam neu tuamtuam 135 om hi kici hi.Kachin minam sungpan in,nam neu khen 12 om hi.Karen minam sungpan in namneu 11 om hi.Zo minam sungpan in,nam neu 53 om hi.Kawl minamte sungah,nam neu 9 om hi.mon minam neu sungah,nam neu 1 bek om hi.Shan minam te sungah,nam neu 33 om hi hang.

Tu-in Zo minamte sung aom nam neu tuamtuamte a nuai abangin kimu thei hi.Ih gensa bangin Zo minamte lakah nam neu 53 om,kampau 60 val bang om hi ci-in,kimu hi.Tuate sungpan in:-

1.Falam gam sungah:-Tapawng,Ngawn,(Hih Ngawnte pen Tedim gam panin,Falam gam zuante ahi uh hi.)Zanggiat,Taisun,Zahau,Laizo,Sim,Khualsim,Lente,Hualngo,Lunghawh cih bangin,nam 11 bang om hi.

By Phun Kar Thang

2.Hakha leh Thantlang gam sungah:-Senthan,Zophei,Miram,Mine,Thawr,Lautu,Khualsim,Hakha cih bangin,nam 8 om hi.

By Salai Taung Saing Lyian

3.Tedim leh Tonzang gam sungah:-Teizang,Sihzang,Saizang,Zo,Dim,Thahdo,Hualngo,Guite,(Vangteh pau) Vaiphei,Phaileng cih bangin nam 11 bang ki om hi.Tua banah beh nam 237 om hi.

By Thang Za Tuan,Yangon

4.Matupi gam sungah:-Zotung,Dai,Matu,Mara,Lautu cih bangin nam 5 om hi.

By U Van Peng,Matupi

5.Paletwa gam sungah:-Khumi,Tamin,Rakhaing,Kathet,Kaziat,Pongnauk,Khawngsu,Anu,Songmatu,Wakung,Khinnauk,Letu,Matutara,Khung,Hniseh,cih bangin nam 15 om hi.

By U Aung Kyaw,Paletwa

6.Kanpalet leh Paletwa gam sungah:-Kuansian,Kumram,Koktu,Kheitu,Khungchi,Ashung,Chiaisamanatu,Seituimanatui,Tashu,Tataa,Thankung,Data,Panta,Bautu,Matui,Mangthang,Yutu,Suibobawbok,Suilaung,Rapsa,Siaptuisepa,Ram,Rawngkhaw,Rai,Lawi,Hlar,Lungsachaungsa,Lungpyauh,Hungtui,Amlong,Ungtui,Sianhnunghatdi cih bangin nam 32 bang om hi.

By Mindat Boning,Mindat Yugin

7.Asho zomite pen:-Magwe gam,Minbu gam,ngape gam,Rakhaing gam,Pegu gam,Irrawady gam leh Yangon gam cih bangin,a tuamtuam na teng uh a,kampau khat bek zangh khawm thei uh hi.Asho zomite sungah Pa-at,Tanhmong,Konsit leh Kanan cih bangin nam 4 in na kikhen uh hi.

By Dr Salai Aung Taik

(g)Kachin leh Chin Unau ih hihna

Ei Zomi anei zaw deuhte in Talap(Kongbuk)innka mong sikkang inn ahih kei leh singtom tawh ki lam tangvalte giah nangin inn lam thei hihang.Hih buk a ki mawk lam hilo a,Khanglui mite in,ih sanggam Kachin mite ong paitak ciangin,a zin tun na ding na ci uh hi.Tu mah bangin sanggam Kachinte in zongh inn alam uh ciangin,inn sung dei no khat na tuam bawl leuleu uh hi.Tempai abawl uh ciangin,a lang bawllo uh a,tua a lang pen Malih leh Malihkha gun kuam a ih ki man suahna,ih kiphak lohna mun nahtang tampi a na tuah laivua,tua nahtang a sattan na  tempaai khat Zomite kep na ci uh hi.Ih ki muh kik ciangin bup tuah kik ding na ci se lai uh hi.

(h)Ki-it na Khitui

AD 2003 January kha sungin,Kawlgam buppi Tuiphum pawlpite kum thum sim kikhopna(Khawmpi)Kachin gam Mytkyina khua-ah tungin thupi mahmah hi.Palik galkapte cih bang kul lo in,khangnote in tavuan la a,buaina ,haksatna khat zong omlo hi.Tua khawmpi man ni,nitakin Kachin lhe Chin te K.B.C zumpi sungahei unau kimuh tuamna leh holimna nei nuam hang ci-in omkhawm uh hi.Tua lai ah K.B.C Chairman pa hong thusunna ah,"Tuma kum thum lai-in,no Zomi te'n "Zam"khap kua khat nong piak pen uh lungam hong thukkik nuam ung",ci-inthu hong sung uh a,unau khat ih hihna thute hong genkhit uh ciangin,Kachin tempaai lnagkhat neilo abawl uh,lungdamkohna in tempaai hongpia uh hi."Tu-in a ki mukik hi hang,ih tempaai  a bup tuah thei kik hihang",ci-in hong gen uh hi.

Tua pawisim avapai Zomi palaai taangmite leh sanggam Kachinte a nak ngek uh na in,khitui naptui ki luangtek hi."Mailam ah ih tu ihta te Gospel ih ki paituak na ding leh ih ki-it semsem na dingin,ih omna ciat pan hanciam tek ni",ci-in ki vaikhak uh hi.


(i)Lal khiat Cilna leh Khawlzang  Tunna

Ih pu ih pate Tibet gam sungah a om lai un bangmah ki khualna om nailo in,inn leh lo zong neilo uh hi.Tua hih man,leihawm,suang hawm peuh beel in na om lel uh hi.A ki patkhiat cil in Kawlte a tuam in paikhia masa uh a,ih pu ih pa te Kachin mite tawh tawlkhat tonkhawm in amau nungah en' a zui ih hi hi.Amau pialna theilo in,mailam nawtin kipaisak hi.Lampi ah nahtang a bantanna uh a laingek na dawk to khin ahihman in,ih sanggamte tawh gamlapi ki hal khinta ni ci-in delh sawm nawnlo uh ahihman in,a kikhen kha ih hihi na ci uh hi.

Tui kaang dung acih Chindwin gun dung kizui suksuk hi a,a khangsim in na teng suksuk uh hi.Asawt ciangin pawlkhatte Khawhken na tung uh a,pawlkhatte leuleu Khawlzang na tung uh hi.Khawhken a cih gun tawbina ci-in tua mun pen,tu hun a Gunkhawm hih tuak hi.Khawlzang ih cih gun dungpan ka khia hi a,Kawlzang ih tun cilna mun kici thei ding hi.Nidang lai-in ih pu ihpate khawlkhawm,teng khawm,ki ngak khawm cihna mun ahi hi.Tua Khawlzang munah kum 400 bangki teng phial dingin ki um mawh hi.Ih kim ih pam a om mite'n khawlte ahih kei leh Kawlte na ci uh hi.Khawlzang pen tu hun a Kale Kabaw huam khempeuh hi dingin ki um mawh hi.Tua hun laipek in Khuang,Zam,Phit,Sialki,Gawsem,Liamlo,Kilong,Dakbu,Khipi tang lehKhibanhte pua kawikawi a,Thangmual dawl a tun uh ciangin a khuadak uh leh nopci sa in paipai uh a,Khawlzang khua a lal san suak uh ahi hi.

(j)Khawlzang Phuisamna

     Khimpi zinni,Khapi kiatni,Khawhken ah Khawl zangah

Micin sa nung kikhawl nung,Tungpi suah ni khapi nem nikpi Na niksan hong hai ta teh,Na nik la a na pai kik leh,Vanu khulpi hong khup nelh ta leh,khul vangah hong suakta teh,Dawi-in kau-in hong piangta teh,gan  tualngo zingin kuan teh,Na gan tualngo zon hi guh tep ke'n,Nagan tualngo zo um nga ta,Na khua zuan in na tui zuan in,A tong a lam ding hong ngaklah hi.

Khul sungah a teen lai uh hita leh,Khawhkhen a teen lai uh hita leh,Khawlzang a a teen lai uh hita leh,hih phuisamna kammal te in,hong theisak hi.Tua ciangin Ciamvumpi dung zui-in,hong paito uh a,Mutuam vum hong tun madeuhin lam khangah kawmpi khatna mu uh hi.Tua munah sawtpi tak mah na teng leuleu uh a,tua mun pen,"KHUL PI"na ci uh hi.

Tua ahihman in Khangluite in,KHUL a piang hihang na ci uh hi.Bang hang hiam cih leh i pu ih pa te in,Mongolia pan hong paikhiat cil akipan un inn kip lo kip neilo in teenna dingin kawhawm,leihawm peuh na beel uh hi.Khul ah ih om lai ciang bek na thei uh a,tua ban siah na thei nawnlo uh ahihman in,Ei Zomite khul a piang hihang a ci kha  hi ding hi.Ih pu ih pate thah leh mat a thupi sak,ahih man bang un tua mun panin nuamsa tuanlo in,sa tam na,gam hoihna mah na zong lai veve uh a,tua mun pan in mun tuamtuam ah kikhen in,khua na sat kawikawi uh hi.

Thulak na:

2004 kum a Yangon a kibawl Jasuan Beh Teizang Nam Sagihte Khantangthu Bu"sungpan a kila sawn ahi hi.

3.A HIH LEH ZOMI IH CIH KUA TE?

Zomi ih cih pen Zosuante ih cih,Mizo te'n"Zo  Hnakthlak"a cih teng British kumpi in,hong uk ma in amau hong caipntehna ah,"will hill tribes"ci-in,ih gam pen"un-administered area"ci uh hi.Zosuan lak a nitum na lam a tung masate Bengali leh Assamese te'n "Kuki"ci-in na ciamteh uh a,hih pen mikang lai tawh a ki ciaptehna 1792 kum hi ding hi.Britist kumpi in 1872 kuma Mizoram lak a kipat ciangin,tua laitak a Lushei kampau tampen a hih na tawh a gam"Lushei Hills"vawh pah hi.Kawlgam lamah ahih leh"Chin"ci-in hong ciamteh hi.Ahi zongin,Chin cih kammal bang cihna,koipan hong kipan,bang hun a paing cih kankhiatna taktak om nailo hi.Lam khat pan in Zo minamte Chin hong kicihna Kawlte hong lawhna a ki kawm maw?A hih kei leh  Mikang Galkapte in Chin hills/Cin hills a na cih uh maw cih zong ki theilo hi.

Bangbang hita leh Chin ih cihte Kawlgam lam a om teng kitangsak zaw deuh in,India gam lam a om teng Lushei ahih kei leh Kuki,cih ki tangsak zaw deuh hi.Mikangte in Zomi nam teng mi khat sa kha hong muhna tawh lom khat a hong lawh nop uh ciangin,"Chin-Kuki"cih bangin,"Chin-Lushei"cih bangin hong lo uh hi.Tua ahihman in Britist kumpi in,Zominamte ten na teng ukna ding a 1896 kum a ki bawl thukhun zong,"Chin Hill Regulation Act"vawh ziau uh hi.

Hih thukhun pen Chin hills banah Lusheite,Kuki te leh Nagate' ten na teng huamsakin ki zangh hi.Mikangte in Chin,Kuki,Lushei, c a hong ciamteh uh hangin,amau mah in,"Amau pen Chin hiam Kuki hiam kici hetlo mah uh hi ven,"hong ci kik veve uh hi.J.G Scott in a laibu bawl na ah,""Burma"cihah,"The names Kuki and Chin are not given to them by the burmese and ourselves:theu do not call themselves Zhou or Shu,and in other parts Yo (Zo)or Lai"ci-in,Dr.G.A Grierson leh midangte muh na mah tawh kituak in na gelh hi.

Bertram S. Carey leh H.N Tuck te'n zong Zote,Thahdote leh Guite thu a gelh khopna ah,"These Zos,Thados and Guites are called by the manipuris Kuki or khongjais,who onl made their acquaintance after they had migrated north,but the people call themselves by the name of Zo(Yo),ci-in na ciamteh uh hi.Guite innpipa Pu Go Khawn Thang zong,"Go Khaw Thang who,as already  related,was  seized by the manipurs in the course of the Lushei expedition of 1871-72,was the Zo chief of Mualpi,"ci-in Zo hausa mah na ci hi.

Mikangte in Chin,Kuki ci-in hong ciapteh uh hangin amau mah in"Zou"mah nong ci veve uh hi.Ei Zomite pen leitung minam lompi thum a om laka Mongoloid minam hiang khat hi-in,kampau tawh ki zui-in Mongoloid minam laka Tebeto-Burman hiang khat ih hih lam hong tel mahmah uh hi.Mikangte hong lawhna uh om bangin, ei zong tu a kipanin hih sungah"Zomi nam"ci-in zang ta ding hi hang.

Zomi namte pen minam thukante in, Mongolian mite suan..Tebeto-Burman laka mi."hi dan in gen uh a,kipom kim theitek hi leh kilawm hi."Mongol pen minam min hi-in,"Mongolian"pen zepna kammal(adjective)hi a,"Mongolia"cih a gam min genna in ki zangh hi."Mongoloid"cih leuleu pen'Mongol minam suan leh khak teng genna-in ki zangh hi.Tua hi a,Zomi namte in"Khat"ih hi hi.Zomi namte in ih bul ih phung taktak(ethic orgin)a kikan khia nailo ahih hangin, ei pen Tibet gam tawnin Sengam pan Kawlzang ah tungin,tua pan in tua a ih om na tengah a ki zeel hihang,cih ih om thei tek hi.

Pu Vum Son muhna ah ih minam min"Zo"cih pen"Zo"kici suante ih hihman hi,na ci hi.Tua ih pu ihpa te gam in,Sengamah ei tawh ih kibatpih Tibet mite,Kawl,Naga,Bodo,Kachin,Lahu-te tawh teng khawm hi.Sengam pan in Jesuh suah mapek in,sim lamah ki taikhia-in,Jesu suah khit kum 100 khawng ciangin,Chindwin gam kuam tengah ki teng ta hi,ci hi.Kawlzang panin, Zo minamte AD 1000 kumpawl pan in nitumna lam khamtung gam ah tai kipanta dingin ki ummawh hi.Khamtung gam a tai,pawlkhatte in Ciimnuai khuasat uh a,tuate pen tu laitak a"Zomi"a kici Tedim gam,Tonzang gam,Manipur gam leh Mizoram dong a teng,Ciimnuai a piang a kici tneg ih hi hi.Ciimnuai khua mun in,tu laitak Saizang khua khang ahi hi.Pawlkhatte in Sunthla khua kiangah Lailun khua sat uh a,tuate tu laitak a"Lai"a kici Falam,HLailun piang zongh kici uh hi.Pawlkhatte in Suunpi munah Bochung khua sat uh a,tua te Lushei suan minam tuamtuamte hi-in,tua panin tulai tak a Mizoram kici-ah kizel uh hi.

A tailo te Zo minam pawlkhatte Yaw gamah thaam suak uh a,Kawlte tawh ki gawm uh ahihman inKawl bang buang,Zo bang buang khat suak uhi.Kawlte in,"Zo"pen "Yaw"ci-in gelh uh ahihman in,"Yaw mi"a suak uh ahi hi.

Zo minamte khamtung lamah a lom in a tai ma in khamtung gamah khumi/Khamite na tung zo uh hih tuak hi.Asho te pen khamtung kahlo in Kawlang leh Arakan zang lam zuan uh hi.Cho te bang ci lal uh cih ki theilo hi.

Hih bangin Zo minamte namdangte in a tuamtuam a hong ciaptehna uh hang a hizongin,ih lalna lampi zawi kibatloh na hang in a hi zongin,tu-in lom tuamtuamah kikhenin nam tampi ih kisuah hi.Hi bangin a lom tuamtuam a ih om na in nidang a minam khat hinapi damdam a kikhenkhen maw,ahih kei leh nidang a minam tuamtek ki hi napi damdam a ki gawm gawm maw?cih ngaihsut huaipi khat suak hi.

4.ZOMI NAM NI HONG PIAN KHIATNA ZIA

Zomi Nam Ni pen  Tuunkha(February 20)ni-in ki ciamteh hi.Hih ni-in muhna toi tawh hong piangkhia hilo in,minam leh gam itna lian pi tawh hong kipankhia ahi hi.Hih Zomi Nam Ni hong piankhiatna thupen a zaipi khat ahi hi.

Hih ni-in Zomite' a dingin suahtakna,ki-it ki lemna,minam vai leh cikmah ciang mangthang ngei nawnlo ding,Zomite' tangthu mungpi kha ahi hi.

Zomite' a dingin Zomi Nam Ni hong piankhiatna thu tel tak a ih tel theihna dingin,hih bang a a hong piankhiatna tangthu tawmbeek ih theihloh ki phamawh hi.Mikang kumpi in nisuah na lam gam te ong keek a,India gam hong tungta hi.

India pan in Kawlgam khanglam teng,1824 kum in hongla hi.1852 kum tak ciangin,Kawlgam phellang hong laksak khinta uh hi.1885 kum ciangin,Kawlgam buppi hong nuaisiah uh hi.Tua hun laitak in,Zogam pen ei leh ki ukna,India leh Kawlgam kikal ah om hi.Zogam in kumpi neilo in,mi khempeuh kumpi leh nautang kici hi.Ki-ukna thukhunpi ki neilo hi.Hih bangtengin gam keek,huang-eu mikangte in hong muh uh cianginZogam hong sim uh a,kum tampi hong sim khit,1896 ciangin Zogam hong la zo uh a,1907 ciangin Zomite' deihna ahilo,mikang mumpi deihna tawh ki-ukna,hong bawlsak in Zomi tangpi tangta deihna donghlo a,Zomi leh Zogam uk ding Ukpi(Feudel Chief)hong guan ziau uh hi.Tua bang a hong bawlnate uh kithuak nuam tuanlo in,Kawlgam sung a om minam kimte tawh aki bangin Zomite in Mikangte ihdo na tangthu ciaptehna in Zomi Nam Ni hong piangkhia ahi hi.
Tangthu te leh et kik leng:-

1939 kum khit ciangin,suahtakna ngah nang a hanciam na,hong na sia semsem hi.Zomite' khua muhna zong hong zai semsem a,Zomi kipalkhopna pan mun lente in gamkeek Mikang kum tungah,anuai a bangin nam (9)na ngen uh hi.Tua te in:-

1.Zogam in Zanggam tawh kibang aa,ki ukna lam phattuamna ngahna ding

2.Zogam ki ukna pen Zomite deihna tawh ki zui a thukhunpi bawlna ding

3.Pilna la,Cidamna lam leh Sumzuak sum lei na lam khantohna ding

4.Zogam pilna sanglam a manlang a puhphatna ding

5.Suakta tak a Biakna zuih theih na ding

6.Zogam lampi kizopna a man lang a ong bawlsak na ding

7.Zogam leh Zanggam suakta tak a kikawm ki zop theihna ding

8.Zogam in minamdangte tawh liangko kikim a ki zop theih na ding

9.Kawlgam in suahtakna a ngah ciangin,Zogam in zongh a kibang a a ngah pah na ding

ci-in thu nam (9)na ngen uh hi.

Hih a tung a ngetna nam (9) te Mikang kumpi in apiak ding sangsik in,hih kipawlna abei nang hanciam lai hi.Makaite zong gam vai(polittic) asep nawnloh na ding uh thu pia zawsop hi.Ahihangin mipi-in Mikang kumpi vaihawmna a deihlohna uh na pitaak in  lakkhia uh ahihman in,Kanpalet pan Mikangte taikhia uh hi.

Kawlgam in suahtakna i ngah cil ahi 1949 kum a ki at,Gambup thukhunpi tawh zui-in,Palimen(Parliament)a a dawl tungnung leh a dawl nuai nung ci -in dei nih om hi.Zomite a dingin tua Palimen dawl nih aitang palai puak ding hong kulta hi.Paliman ah Zomi tangpi tangta' te lungkimna tawh palai puak ding ahihhangin Minam kim Paliman te ah,gamkee dangte bangin ukpi te leh Khawk ukte palai puak ding maw,cih thu kitelkhialhna hong omta hi.Tua thu siangsak dingin,Zomite kimtak a thu ki kup khopna akhat veina Zomi Nambup Khawmpi(Zomi National Conference)Falam khua-ah 1948 kum Tuunkha(February)kha 12 nipan 22 ni dong nasia takin kibawl hi.Tua khawmpi a ni nih ni-in,Tedim pan in Pu Thawng Khaw Khai in thusun na nei hi.Tua in suahtakna ngahma hun lai-in Zogamah gamkeekte hong nutsiat gam hoihlo ahi hi.Ukpite leh khawk ukte hong uk cipna hang a a paing mi,kuli vanpua te thaman pialo a sawlna,mi zawng nautaang te in khua-ul sisan luang a a thalawhsa,asepna tungah thu man lo pi a laksak na,akipan a thu neihna te uh uang zatluatna te hangin,nakpi takin gen theihanki thuak hi.

Tua ahihman in Ukpi ngeina tawh ki ukna,a zung na tawmin longkhia a ei leh ei suakta tak a ei suakta tak a mipi' deih ngeina tawh ki uk na'ng cih ahi hi.

Tua a thusun pen Falam,Lailun huamtang a pai a hi Pu Chun mang leh Kanpalet pan palai Pu Thang Muangte nih in thukimpih pah uh hi.Tua a thusun thukimpihna mipi vote te tawh a khensak uh ciangin,mipi 5000 sung pan vote sagih bekin nial aa,vote 4993 in thakhat thu in,lungkimpih ahihman in kikipsak pah hi.

Hih bang a atam zaw thukimna tawh ukpi ngeina abeisak na dingin,Zomi nam khempeuh mipi deihna tawh ki ukna ahi Democracy huihdam kidik kha a,khua muhna mittang hong keuhta hi.

Hih bang  kikhopna aki bawlkhit phet in thu vaihawm pawlin,Ukpite a ki beisak man in,liauna(compensation)Dangkan 500,000 pia pah hi.Tua dangka pen a zaalian pen panin,a zaa neu pen dong 70,000,20,000,500,1000 leh 100cih bangin seh hawmsak uh hi.Tua pan a kipan kum tampi akithuak ki uk cipna,ki gawtna leh Ukpite siah kaihna khutnuai pan kisuakta ta hi.

1.Hih bang a Falam khua a ki bawl khawmpi-in,gamkeekte hong nutsiat gam hoihlo a hi ukpi ngeina tawh ki ukna a beisak bek thamlo in,Zomite khangtangthu sungah ki thu tuak diamdiam a Zomi Nam Ni bawl theih denna,

2.Mipi atam zaw deihna tawh ki ukna ahi Democracy ngeina zatna suahtakna a ngah cil kawlgam sung a teeng minam tuamtuamte tawh liangko kikimna,

3.Kipumkhatna ngah in ih gam a kip den nang leh Zomite minam vai lampan deihtak a kipanpihna zong ahi hi.

Gamkeekte hong guat gamh hoihlo ukpi ngeina tawh ki ukna,a beina ni ciapteh na dingin,Tuunkha(February)20 ni pen,Zomi Nambup a dingin,ni thupi pen ni hi ci-in ki ciamteh hi.

Hih pen Kawlgam sung bek thamlo,leitungbup in hong theihpihna ding deihna tawh 1950 kum in Falam khua ah Zomi Nam Ni nasia takin ki bawl aa,tua laiah kumpipa Soa Shwe Thaik leh a pawlte zongh na kah uh hi.Hih bangteng ciangin,"ZOMI NAM NI"hong piangkhia ahi hi.Zomi a kci peuhmah in hih ni thupi ni kumsim in bawlden a,a kip tawntung na ding Zomite' khempeuh ii i mawhpuak ahi hi.

5.ZOMINAM NI A PHAWK HUAI NA

February 20,2004 nipen Zomi Nam Ni kum 56 cin na hita hi.Ei Zogam khamtungah a tung nunung pawl kum zlom 14 hun pek a kipanin eima hausa leh Ukpite tawh limtak ki ukna,aki cian in ih nei hi.Mikang gamkeekte in,Kawlgam hong uk khit ciangin,ei Zogam pen Kawlgam i gam khat(province)in 1896 September kha in hong ciaptehsak in 1896 Chin Hills Regulation Act tawh in zati ukpi ki ukna mah,hong zang paisuak sak uh hi.

Kawlgambuppi in 1948 kumin suahtakna ki ngah kik in,Parliamentary Democracy tawh ki ukna hong ki laih ciangin,ei Zogam zongh ukpi ngeina ki zang nawnlo in,Council kiteelna tawh kilaih hi.Tua bang a hoihtak a,a kilaihna dingin,ei Zomibup in Falam khua ah,mihing tulnga val kikhawm inthu khen sat ni ahi,February 20,1948  pen Zomi Nam Ni ci-in,1951kum ciang in kikipsak hi.

Zomi nam ni hong tunsial in ngaihsut huai leh phawkhuai athupi te lak ah,thu nih om kasa hi.Tuate in ei Zomite ki thutuah na ding leh khantoh masuan zawhna ding cihte ahi hi.Nidang lai in kihawh kikawmna,ahaksat man in khua khat leh khua khat zong,mi dang pi ki sa kha liang hi.

Ih pau leh ih aw kaih zia tawmtawm a kilamdan man in,mikhual in ih ki ngaihsun kha liang hi.Tu in khat leh khat kipi,ki kawm kimu sem khawm a ih om ciangin,midang sa dang ih hih hetlohna ki phawk semsem in,ki theihsiam ki sang siam ta hi hang.50 vei na Zomi namni Golden Jubilee Yangon ah akibawl lai-in,Zomite khantohna ciaptehna Golden Jubilee Commemorative Magazine laibu limci mahmahkhat hong bawl khia uh hi.52 veina Zomi namni bawl Yangon Comittee te in Zomi pianzia sutna,ngeina,khantohna leh mailam ngimna ci-in,Myone sagih buppi seh in,thukan na kinei a,tu in a laibu in Zomi nam ni lap in,hong suak khiata hi.Tua banah a thupipen khat in,ei Zomite' chin ci-in kawlgam,vaigam ah hong ki lawhna hangin ei leh ei Zo,Lai,Cho,Sho.Yo,Yaw,Khu ci-in,Myone zui a i ki lawh ngeingei pen phungpi khat,ih pianna ih pu ki bang gegu,lawhna leh ciaptehna ki bang khalo hi kha ding hi cih ciang ki tungta hi.

Tuhun inpilna,siamna khangto mahmah in kawlgam zong hong khangto  ta hi.Kawlgam sung a om minam lakah ei Zomite' zong a tuntual ih hih khak lohna ding leh mailamah ki thutuak a,masuat zawh na ding nakpitak in tel a,ih "ZOMI NAM NI"ih thupitsak ding phawk huai kasa mahmah hi.

Professor C.Thang Za Tuan

Deputy-Director General

Basic Education Dept.,

Ministry of Education,Myanmar


Laaksawnna:

1.Zomi Beacon,Premier Issue 1995/1.pp.114-118.Publishehby Pubblicty Deparment/ZRO,lamka,Zogam,1995 A.D

2.Ciimnuai Magazine,1994,Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna,University of Yangon.

Tun sungkhat pan No. 2

Thupatna: Nungdeuh in, Tuun sungkhat pan No. 1 sungah Zomi te hong kipumkhat sakthei ding namte ih genkhia a, tu in Minam khat hihna pan in hong khenkham leh thanem sakthei namte tawm ih gen beh nuam lai hi. Nam it vive ih hi a, negative viewpoint pan in a genkhia ih ommah bang in positive viewpoint pan in zongh a genkhia ih om ding pen thupi ka sa hi.

Beh thupitsak luatna: Ih Beh leh Phung in Tuun sungkhat pan a piang ih hihna (identification) hong lak hi cih ih genkhia khin hi. A hi zongin tu in Beh thupit sak luatna in mi namkhat ih hihna pan in hong thanem sak thei hi cih ih gen nuam leuleu hi. Beh kipawlna, Beh laibu, Beh ankuang umkhopna, Beh khat bek in khuasat ding/veng khat bek ah omkhawm ding, etc., te in Tuun sung khat ih hihna pan in hong thanem sak thei hi. Tualgal lam ah tuibang in damdam in hong taisuk tawh kibang hi. Gentehna in, nungak khat in a behmin tawh hong ki lo/gen  den leh behdang te in tuanu pen gimneih ding hi (Minam lungsim leh numei kibang a, sensitive baih mahmah hi). Tua ban ah, nungak khat in pasal a neih khit ciang in a nungsang behmin hong thupisak den hen la hi leh a taten kua beh min zangh zaw ding (a pa ah maw or a nu ah) cih buaina tawh Tuun sungkhat pan in buaina lianpi innkuan sungpan hong kuangkhia mawk ding hi. Namkhat ih hihna ah ih thahat theihna ding in behvai lampang pen thupi genluat loh ding a hi hi.

Pawlpi thupit sakluatna: Pawlpi/saptuam pen Tuun sungkhat pan a piang ih hihna ah hong thahat sak leh hong thanem sak mahmah khat ahi hi. Pawlpi/saptuam min ki uanggen (over emphasize) luatna khua ah minam/khuasung  kipumkhatna thanem zaw deuh hamtang hi. Zogambup khantohna ding vei mahmah ing a ci mipil khat in ama aituam pawlpi hoihna/siatna hong tam hel khak ngeingei leh Minam kimuh khelhna tua huhau in piangzaw thei hi (polical perpective). Ahi zong in, biakna lam tawh en ni ci leng, ih pawlpi tek beek puahzo hi leng ih gam leh ih leitang a puahpuah mah ih hi hi.

Hih a tunga thunih te en kik pak le hang, ih Minam makai ding khatpeuh in pawlpi leh beh vai te peuhmah hong uanglak loh ding a thupi mahmah a hihna hong musak hi. Bang hanghiamcih leh pawlpi leh beh a kigawmkhawm ih minambup hong ending (umbrella) te a hi uh hi.

Pilna thupitsak na ah: Pilna/Siamsinna (education lam zawdeuh) American tea ding bek hi lo in Zomi te ah zongh a hi hi. Laikung laidal tawh a hunciangtana ih sin pilna te zongh a thupi mahmah a hi hi. Tua mah bang in, laikung leh laidal ih neihma a ih pu leh pa te siamna leh theihna te a simmawh huai ngeihetlo a hihna ih tel semsem hi. Minamneu tuamtuam te tawh ei Zomi te ih kibatlohna pen tuana pi leh pu te pen na mawk hai hetlo uh hi. Nikten puansilh nei te ih hi a, industrial tawh kizomkha het lo in innlam dan an huan dan, lo khawhdan, a siamsa te hi uh hi. A hi zong in tuhun ciang in, laikung laidal tawh Siam sinna ih neih ciang in pilna kitawk kimlo (unballance) in thu ih gen kha thei zel hi. Secular pilna bek thupi hi, theological education te thupi zaw hi experience tawh thuahzaw ham tang uh hi, tua sang (institution) pan a te bek zat taak hi, cihna tuamtuam te in Minam khantohna ding a nasem nuam khat ih thanem sak  kha thei zel hi. A taktak in, pilna sangmahmah a nei te in, pilna sinlo te hong khantohna ding hanciama nasep ding  hi a, pilna a sin zolo te in pilna nei te pahtawi ding ahi hi. Tua gampan in hong ciah a hih ciang in ci a mawk pahtawi ding leh mawk etneu ding a hi kei hi. A ma veina bang in lawpna tawh ih gam ah na hong sep theihna ding in thapiak ding a hoih pen ahi hi.

Khanglui hunte: Mi masa leh milui cih lungsim neihna a gennuam ih hi hi. Khangthak te lunggulhna leh siamna te ih milui te in hong hong muhpih banlo thei uh hi. Khangthak tuailai te in IT hun tawh kizui in ih Minam kipum khat theihna ding in Tuun sungkhat pan ih hihna mun tampi pan in panla thei uh hi cih pen ih mi masa te in hong kiphawk pih kimlo thei hi. Hun tam veipi tak la a, khangthak moi mahmah khat in thu hoih hong pulak khiat ciang in huailai a kum 55 above khat in nang naupang bang mah thei nai kei teh cih tawh a lupan in tusuk in cihphial zahkhopa na asak mahmah ding kammal khat leh nih tawh khol sak ziau kha thei hi. Khangthak leh khanglui kitawikim (well ballance) ki sam mahmah hi. Khangthak tuailai te in ih mipil leh mi masa te kantan/dem in nasep hetloh ding hi a, mi masa te in zongh no khangthak te lo tawh ih khantohna piang zolo ding hi ki cih ton/tuak ding a hi hi.

Rev. Dr. Paukhanen in Khuadopawi kipawlna te thupi lua sa lo:  A diakdiak in Yangon ah a bawngbawng a kipawlna tam mahmah hi. Gtn: Gunkhal khuado kipawlna, Lenpang khuado kipawlna, Khuano khuado kipawlna, khuamin leh behmin tuamtuam tawh khuado kipawlna etc. cih bang in khuado hun ciang in ki gen ziazua zel hi. Dr Enno in a genna ah, "Khuado pawi huntak ciang in, ih pianna khua/khawk dung zui in ih lawm it tuamtuam te tawh ki khen in ei pawi kipawlna ah ih paizel hi" cingei hi. Minam buppi ading a nasem te in hih kipawlna neu nono te pen, taangpi a ding nasepna ah hong maimial sak thei a hih lam pen tel tak in thei uh hi. Tua a hih man in TBC (Sia Enno local pawlpi)  te in Zomi bup ading in khuado pawi yangon ah bawl zelzel uh a, tua pen khua tuamtuam pawi kipawlna ciang bek hi lo in, minam bup a ding in hong gawmkhawm Minam pawi a suaksak zo uh a hi hi.

Thukhupna: Tutung ih thulak dan pen negative lam kalkak masa in thu ih gen a, a hi zong in a neupen pan in a lianpen ih Zomi khempeuh tungah ih nuntakna tawh ih theih vive thu te a hi hi. Ih deihna bulpi in Zomi khempeuh pen Tuun sungkhat pan a piangte ih hihna ah thahat semsem a ih mainawt ding a hi hi.

Tuun sungkhat pan,

Suanzakhup

Korea

Src:

zomi@yahoogroups.com Thu May 29,2008 at 6:03PM

Tun sungkhat pan No. 1

Thupatna: Ih tenna, siam sinna, sum zonna, leh omna ciat pan in Zomi ih hihna bek thamlo in, namkhat ih hihna leh tua namkhat sung ah hong ki pumkhat sak thei ding nam te ah ma ih pankhop theihnam te ki kum khawm ding in kong ki thawi hi. Biakna (pawlpi), ki teelna (political election), sum zonna,  te tawh Zomi innkuan khat ih hih ding baih pak lo hih mah ta leh, hong kipumkhat sak thei nam tawm a om te en suk ni:

Beh leh Phung: Mi namdang te tawh ih ki batlohna pen khanggui kician ih neihna ahi hi. Lai lam tawh tangthu ih ciap teh theihma (pre-litaracy of Zomi) in phuisamna (shamanism) leh ih Zola te tawh ih Zomi tangthu ih sut/sui toto thei hi. Hih beh leh phung in, Tuunsungkhat pan a piang te ih hihna hong lakkhia a hi hi.

Gentehna in: Guite beh kai khawm ding hi leng:- Saizang kampau  te sungah, Vangteh kampaute sungah, Sihzang kampau te sungah, Simte kampau te sung ah, Paite kampau te sungah, Thahdo (Kuki) kampau te sungah, Zoute kampau te sungah, Lusei kampau te sungah, Dap (Dapzal) kampau te sungah, Ngaizawl kampau te sungah, Ngawnpau a zangh te sungah, Vaiphei kampau te sungah, khuano kampau te sung ah, Dim kampau a zangh te sungah, Losau kampau a zangh te sungh, Gangte kampau te sungah, Kom pau a zangh te sungah, etc. na omkawikawi hi. Guite minam kici ngei lo a, Guite beh ci in ih lo/sam zaw hi. Zomi te sungah ih tenna (mual leh gual) dung zui in ih pau tawmtawm a ki gamlat hang in, hih beh leh phung te in mi namkhat ih hihna hong lak den khat ahi hi (Guite beh bek hilo a dang beh tampi zongh omlai hi).

Pu Chinsianthang in behlaibu bawl ding thu kimlo: Pu Vumson gelhna "Zo History" sungah Pu Chinsianthang beh (Neihkhup) kihelkha lo hi. Zomi te tangthu leh beh kikhum khopna ah bang hang in na beh min pa khalo hiam ci in Pu Chinsianthang tungah ka dot leh, "hih pen Dr. Vumson in Zo History a at ding tungtang in zongh hong dongh hi, Zo History na at nop leh at in la, beh leh phungte peuhmah hel kei le cin hoihsa zaw ing. U Neewin a lungdam lua ding hi, behvai pen kikhenthaang nading in theory khat hi gige hi. Na at teitei leh ka beh min na khum kei hamtang in ka ci hi" ci in hong dawng hi. Ama deihna pen a hih leh, beh innkuan or beh kipawlna te in minam kipumkhatna ding panin hong toksia thei hi a ci nuam ahi hi. Kei gennopna pen Pu Chinsianthang deihna tawh a ki lehbulh hi lo in, ih hihna (identification) hong genkhia lel ka hi zaw hi.

Zomi sungah hong ki pumkhat sak thei ding namkhat bek om: Sum leh pai, biakna leh pilna te in hong kipumkhatsak zo pak hetlo ding hi. Ahi zong in, a kibang ih ngeina puahpha ding hang a, ih zatkhop theihnam a kibang ih taang ngeina  te pen khua khat ah innkhat ta lam/bawl ding hihang. Tua pen "ZO INN" ([Zomi] folk village) ding hi pah hi. Hih ZO INN pen ih Zogam khua khempeuh ah ih neihzawh ding nam zongh ahi hi.Bi Inn, Sikkang Inn, Paka Building, etc. ei hih zawh namciat lamding hi lel hi. A hizong in a thupi ah, Zo Minam ni leh Khuado pawi ni te ah tua munsan pen ih Laamtual hi hen la, a sungah ih ngeina te koihna/lahna/senna (museum) ZO INN hong suak leh  hong kilawm pah ding hi. Hih ZO INN lamna ding in gamdang pan huhna zongh kisam lo hi. Ei khuatual sung pan in ih hihzawh kimding khat hi lel hi. Gamdang a om te in zongh Zo INN ding in na inn sungah cabinet (bizu) a tuam vilvel nei ding cin a, tua sungah ih Zo ngeina tuamtuam te a limbek (artificial) a hiphial zong in koih ding hi hang. Tua hi leh Zogam leh gamdang a te in ih ngeina ih zatdan hong kibang leh ih kipumkhat na hongkhang to hanhan ding hi.

La leh movie/drama tawh ih ngeina te puahpha ding: Zomi sungah aw kaihdan kilamdang in ih paudan tawmtawm a kilamdanna a om hang in ih lakam (poems) te pen kibang kim hi. Thum sang in a tamzaw la kisak khopna ah sinkholh kul lo a Bass Tune sa thei pen Zomi taangpi bek hi phial ni ci in ngaihsun ing. Lasiamnam te ih hi phadiak hi. La tawh khitui luang zah dong a ih lai hong vut valval zo eimi ih hi pahdiak ni. Thu in la hi a, la in thu hi ih cihhang in, thu sang in la in mipi (layman) lungsim hong zo masa zaw lai hi. Zomi namni leh Khuado pawi (including Sialsawmpawi) hong tunkuan sial in (February, May, September) Zogam la (gam ngaihla) te hong/suah (play) hamtang ding hi hang (audio tape, CD, etc).  Ih ki pumkhat theih namding movie a tam theithei hanciam ding zongh a hi hi.

Zogam lampi te puah ding: Tedim gam a hi nawnlo, Manipur gam tungto leng Tedim Road cih ih zapan zaw a, Tedim Road cih ih muh ciang in ih inntual sung bang keek in hong innteek sak tuam hi. Zomi mi minthang masa te, ukpi te, galhang te, etc. min pua/tap sak in ih khuapi lampi te ah a min uh vawh ding hi hang. Kawlmin peuh mangmin peuh ih vawh ciang in in tenna khua mahmah ah khualmi ih suak mawk hi. Hih zongh khuapi leh khuaneu Zogam khempeuh ah ih zatzawh/theih ding nam ahi hi.

Thukhupna: Hih a tunga ih genkhiat te in Tuunsungkhat pan a piang ih hihna te ah hong thahat sak ding nam ahi hi. Thu hoih ih gennop tampi omlai a, ahi zong in mizawng pen leh mi hau pen, khuapi te leh khuaneu te ah a kizangh thei ding nam te ih gen phapha nuam zaw hi.Tuunsungkhat pan a piang te ih hihlam pen hong thahat sak thei ding nam te ki hawmsawn zel ni.

Tuunsungkhatpan,

Suankhup

Korea 

Src:

zomi@yahoogroups.com
		Thu, May 15, 2008 at 7:41 AM

“A That leh A Aai” thului’ (article) review na.

Thupatna

Sialtang Gravity Flow Water Supply Project kibawl zawh kum 30 bang, khang khat mah hong sawtta aa, khangthak te’n hih UNICEF huhna tawh Tedim khua tuilakna thu a thei tamlo ding hi. Mailam-ah a thu kicingin at ding kong hanciam lai ding hi. Kei pen "A THAT PA’ lah hi keng, "A AAI PA" lah hi keng, "A LUZANGCIP PAN A MEIBUL DONG ASA SEMPA" ka hihi. Nakzang lei (Bailey Bridge) construction ah A.E work charge ka sep laitak, 1979 kum June kha pawl-in, Rural Water Supply Division pan U Saw Oo leh U Hla Thein Oo Sialtang tui lak nading, UN khawmpi aa submit ding feasibility survey hong bawl lai-in, kei zong survey ka bawlpih hi. 1979 kum bei kuan lam-in R.W.S.D zum-ah Asst. Engineer work charge nasep ka ngah hi. Tua hun a kipan Sialtang tuivai ulian uneu, gamdang expert te Tedim aa pai sim-in, counterpart in ka zui den hi. 1981 kum-in Mr. R. Marinshaw tawh detail survey leh design ka bawl khawm uh hi. 1983 kum, May kha-in, UNICEF Rangoon, Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation Section ah, Project Assistant nasep ka ngah aa, Mr. R Marinshaw tawh Sialtang Project construction a patna pan, a zawh dong phial ka sem khawm ngekngek uh hi.

　

Zolus journal No.11, 2007 "Kiim-le-Paam Kep Siamna" bu leh Zolai Zunna Khol 18, Hawm 75 bu sung aa, Pu Kham Zen gelh "A That leh A Aai" thului’ (Article) ka sim ciangin, Gravity Flow Water Supply tawh kisai Rural Water Supply Division (R.W.S.D.) leh UNICEF Rangoon ii sepzia/dan thukhun (Rules and Regulations) tawh ki lehbulh (Contrary Statement) thu pawl khat leh min (Credit) ngahtheih nading aa, Sialtang Gravity Flow Water Supply Project ki bawl khitteh, muhna leh zakna thute tung tawnin, a kilom tawm thu pawl khat, mukha ka hih man’-in, hi thului’ et kikna (Article review) hongsuah ka hihi.

　

Pu Pau Za Mung pen Magwe Division, RWSD Head of Dept. U Soe Myint tung pan-in, R.W.S.D in tui haksat na mun/khua neu(Village) te ah ADAB or UNICEF etc…huhna tawh tui apiak’ theilam hong theikhiapa ahi lam, 1993 kum November kha a kipan Singapore khua-ah, ka omkhawm lai-un, kei tungah zong hong gen ngei hi.

UNICEF tui
　

"Kei pen, Dry Zone Water Supply, Special Project ading bek ka hihi. Ahi zongin no khua tui ngah nadingin UNICEF Program sunga a kihel Hilly (Gravity Flow) Water Supply-te pawl hi a, kei let khakte pawl ahih kei hangin, ka hih thei bangin kanin kong hanciam pih ding hi" ci’n genin tha a pia hi. (Hih italic print teng pen, article sung a, paragraph thulu nuai a bangin, refer kik theih ding aa kong tei kik hi.)


1975 hun lai pawl-in, ADAB (Australia Development Bank), adang gam tuamtuam leh UNICEF huhna tawh Agricultural Mechanization Department khutnuai aom, R.W.S.D, in Kawlgam sung Dry Zone tengah Tube Well (Under Ground Water Supply Project) a sepsep lai tak hi a, Gravity Flow Water Supply Project (Taungciah sanye tuaizu ye siman keng) ki sem nailo hi. Tua mah bangin, 1975 hunlai-in, Kawlgam sungah, UNICEF Rangoon in zong Gravity Flow Water Supply Program nei nailo hi. 1979 kum ciang, UNO in, 1981 pan 1990 kum sawmlom pen, International Safe Drinking Water Decade dingin bilvuh aa, tua hun a kipan, UNICEF Rangoon-in, Gravity Flow Water Supply Program hong nei pan a, Sialtang Gravity Flow Water Supply Project in, a masapen project (Pilot Project) a hihi. Sialtang Gravity Flow Water Supply in, UNICEF hunna tawh kibawl Gravity Flow Water Supply Project lak-ah leitung bup pan a lian pen hi a, 1999 kum New York khuapi UNICEF zumpi-ah ka hawh leh, Water Supply and Sanitation Section aa semte bangin Sialtang Project na theipah uh hi.


UNICEF tui ngah dingin LAITUI qualified lo　

U Soe Myint in zong, tua bang UNICEF tui ngah theih nadingin mihing 30,000 bang a pha khua ahi ding banah van nawn nadingin mawtawpi a tun’ theina khua ahih nading ama theih tawmna ciang tawh a gen hi. Pa Pau Za Mungin Laitui khau mi 3,000 bang bek a phak banah mawtaw neute bek tung thei ahihna a gen leh, U Soe Myaint in UNICEF tui ngah dingin Laitui khua qualified lo ahihna a tel gen pah hi.

　

"UNCEF tui ngah theih nadingin mihing 30,000 a pha khua hi ding" cih sepzia/dan thukhun UNICEF Rangoon in neilo hi. Mihing 30,000 apha banah mawtawpi a tun’ theina khua pen khuata (Village) hilo aa, khuapi (Town) hong hita hi. UNICEF tui lak huhna pen, Rural Water Supply Program a cih mah bangin, khuata (Village) te bek piak ding a hizaw hi. Hih a tunga thu, thutak, thumaan hileh LAITUI khua-in UNICEF huhna tui ngahlo ding hi. 1986-87 kumin LAITUI khua-in UNICEF huhna tui ngah hi.

　

Tedim ading UNICEF tui

Pa Pau Za Mung in amau khua ading ahih theilohna tawh khawl bawl tuan loin Tedim khua sungah mihing 30,000 a cin theih nading khuakim khuapaam- Val, Ngen-nung, Teklui, lailui, Tualzang, Tuilangh, Lailo, Gawngmual, Lamzang, Phaileeng leh Sezang tawh gawm tuahin leh mawtawpi zong tung thei ahihna tawh Tedim ading ahi theithei a, a ngaihsut sak zawh nading a gen hamtang hi.


　

Tedim khuapi UNICEF tui ngah theina pen hih a tung aa thu tawh a’ ki lehbulh (Contrary) linlian’ hi. R.W.S.D. leh UNICEF Rangoon te ii sepzia/dan thukhun zui-in Tedim khua pen khua gol "Town" hi a, tui lak huhna eligible lo hi. A hizongin, Tedim khua-in UNICEF huhna tui a ngah theih nadingin, a kim aom, khua neu (Village) teng paulam in, UNICEF tui huhna ki siau a, Tedim khuapi nawktan ahih manin, Tedim khua zong, tui piak pah theih nading leh Project Cost Per Capita atawm theih nadingin, Tedim khua population tawh kigawm a, Tedim Town Water Supply Project cilo-in, Sialtang Water Supply Project ci’n a ki siau ahihi. Sialtang Water Supply Project designed population zong 15,000 bek hi. Pu Pau Za Mungin, Gravity Flow Water Supply System Technology thei hileh Tedim khua tawh population gawm ding, technically aa a’ feasible vetlo Zalui luigal aa om khua Val leh Ngen-nung khuate kihel sak lo ding hi. Hih thu pen Pu Tual Khaw Mangin, Tedim BEHS No.1 Golden Jubilee Magazine "Sialtang Tui Lakna Thu" Page 290 na-ah hih bangin na at hi. "R.W.S.D. pen in khuapi (town)-te tui nek ding hong vaihawnsak theilo ahih manin, khua kim khuate ahi, Phunom, Suangpi, Dimpi Dimlo, Saizang, Phaileeng, Sezang, Lamzang, Gawngmual, Tuilang, Lailo, Teeklui le Tualzang khuate paulam-in hilai kigelh hi." ci’n na at hi.


Sialtang tui

Pa Pau Za Mung in Tedim UNICEF tuiding a ngaih sut ciangin, a neulai a, a kigen den, a siangtho a vot kilkel a, a lim mahmah, Thuamvum mual dawn suang kawm pan a luang sialsial Sialtang tui a lungsim ah a suak pahlian hi.

Tedim khua-ah Sialtang tui lak ding pen, 1975-78 sung a’ Pu Pau Za Mung ngaihsut khak ciang a, kiphawk pan hilo hi. Tedim khua Hausa upa te-in 1971-72 kum kiim lai pekin na sawm khin uh a, 1972 kum, Pu Khen Za Mung, Chin Special Division Security and Administration Committee, Chairman hong sep ciangin na’ siau (Tin pyah) khin uhhi. Pu Khen Za Mung lam’en zah na hilo hi. A hizongin Hausa upa te-in, ih Zo Tuilak dan bekin la leng zong tung zo ding hi ci’n, taa tuanlo-in, Sialtang tui house connection deih te, inn khat kyat 700 leh public tapstand aa tui tawi ding te, kyat 200 ta dong uh hi. Kha simin Cooperative Ration Card zui-in kyat 2 ta ki dong lai hi. Pu Khen Za Mung Nai-ngan-daw council member a’ suah khit ciang, tua sum teng tawh Pu Khen Za Mung P.A. pa U Hla Kyaingin 3" P.V.C pipe tawn 700 hong leipih a, Sezang khua khung Suumzang tui lakna in kizang hi.

　

1975 kumin "Tedim UNICEF tui ding" cihtheina om nailo hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh 1980 ciang ciang, Sialtang tui lak ding pen, kua gam, or kua organization in huhna hong pia ding cih peuhmah kua man’ gen khol thei nai lo hi. Pu Tual Khaw Mangin Tedim Sangpi Magazine Page 292 sungah "Tedim tuinek ding hong huh nuam gam tampi (Australia, Canada, Nether land) a om na sungah, UNICEF te’n hong ngah hi. ci’n na at hi.

　

Sialtang tuilak tuinak 4 teng, Thaangsial kongkaa lam pan aa, hong kipan hi a, Thuamvum mual dawn suangkawm pan a luang sialsial hilo hi. Tua lui te’n min kician taktak nei omlo hi. Tedim khua tuilak tuinak ding a ki et ciangin, lui neu 4 ki en a, Water source No. 1,2,3,4 ci’n design bawlna-ah ki ciamteh hi. No. 1 source in, min kician nei nailo ahih man’in, U Ngwe San stream (R.W.S.D. Director pa, ih mai-etna tawh kiphuak) ci’n ki min vawh hi. No. 2 pen lampi kiang keenpi ah khuaipi kaai ahih man’in, mi te’n khuainuai lui na ci uhhi. No.3 source in zong min kicain neilo ahih man’in, John Gildea stream (A.D.A.B te hong huh nop nading lametna tawh ki phuak) ki min vawh leuleu hi. No. 4 source pen, golpen a hih man’in, Sialtang nak ki ci pong hi. Hih tuinak kuam teng Taampi thuk mahmah a, vot (Leech) taampi-in tam, Thaangling kikan bikbek aiteh, sabe’n hat te khat leh nih simlo midang pai ngeilo ding hi. 1963-4 khit Tedim leh Kawlpi mawtaw lam-in a paltan maa-in hih tuinak te a sianthona, a vot kilkelna, a lim mahmah na a genden ding mi tawm mahmah ding hi. Kei neu lai ciangciang zong Sialtang tui thu kigen ka za kha ngei kei hi. Sialtang project a’ kibawl ding ciangin, tui quality test (Physical, Mineral leh Chemical test) ki bawl a, World Health Organization te’ standard zui-in, excellent category ngah hi. Tua khit a kipan, mawtawpi hawl pawl khat-in, tuinak No. 4 pan, tui dim-in Tedim lam leh Kawlpi lam-ah pua zelzel uh a, Sialtang tui a sianthona a vot kilkelna leh a lim mahmahna ki gengen pan hi.

　

A gamlatna tai 18 pawl hi ding a, set tha kul lo ama thu a, a luangluang (Hilly Gravity Flow Water Supply or Pressure System) tawn tung, sum zong tawm bei ding hi.

　

Tedim Myoma pan tuinak No.1 Source ciang tai 13 bang pha hi. Gravity Flow Water Supply System Technology pen, UNICEF huhna, Sialtang Project hong om ma-in Kawlgam ah ki tam theih khollo ding hi. RIT ah zong Hydrology, Hydraulic, Fluid Mechanic laibu te sungah, Mono graph zangin, pipe sungah frictional losses tuat dan, HGL (Hydraulic Grade Line) zondan tawmtawm bek om hi. R.W.S.D zum pan in zong, Gravity Flow Water Supply System Technology a thei omlo ahih man’in, Sialtang Project design bawl dingin UNICEF Nepal, Katmandu asem Mr. Richard Marinshaw, UNICEF Rangoon-in asap ngiat ahihi. Gravity Flow Water Supply System in, Pressure System hilo a, Gravitational Force tawh, tui kilakna system ahihi. Basic principle in "Water finds it’s own level" hi. "Pressure System" a cih pen bang cih nopna ai tam?

　

Tua banah tuizawl lampi ding zong mawtaw lamdung kimang thei pah ding ahih manin, a kibawl ciangin hi taleh, kisia-in a kipuah ding ciang ahi zongin mawtaw tawh olno takin a kitun’ theih nading zong ahi lailai hi.

　

Mr. R. Marishaw in, Sialtang Project detailed survey hong bawl mateng pipeline route in mawtaw lampi a tawt theih dinglam kuaman’ theilo hi. 1980 kum-in, R.W.S.D pan Asst. Engineer U Ohn Maungin, pipeline route survey pegging bawl dingin, Sezang khuaga’al mualdangah kei leh khangno pawlkhat hong pai sak a, Zotui lak dan, a sang’ pan a niam gradient hong zong sak hi. Pipeline route-in mawtaw lam a tawtna thu hibang-in Tedim Sangpi Magazine sungah Pu Tual Khaw Mangin na at hi. Ateh laitakin Dimlo khua gal tai suang 66 na, ciangka ah lengkhia phei dingin ngim hi. Mawtaw lampi zui-in Dimlo khua khungah tuizawl pai leh, tui tha a sawn zo dingin tuizawl a lianpi kisam ding acih ciangin, tuizawl alian theithei kideh ahih manin, Bo Kam Cin Hang le Pa Go Za Kap in a lampi haksa, a ken theithei na lak a, amah (Marishaw) bang Bo Kam Cin Hang in na len man kei leh ken kia ding ahih manin, mawtaw lam zui-in tui lam hong khaksak hi.

　

Hih hong ki reviewed kik article sung a ki at thu teng pen, Sialtang Water Supply Project ki bawl khit ciang a ki theipan thu vive hi a, project implement maa hun sung, athei khol kuamah omlo hi. Tua ahih ciangin hih thu teng pen Sialtang Water Supply Project kibawl khit ciang a, min (Credit) ngah thei nading a kilom tawm ahihi. Article sung aa om thu dangdangte kei theipih omlo a hih man’in review ka bawl kei hi.

Khup Khan Thang

5104 Ladbrook Street

Norman, OK 73072

U.S.A.

(405) 321 6204 (H)

(404) 409 0536 (Cell)

March 31, 2008

--------------
“ A THAT LEH A AAI,”

ARTICLE

REVIEW  NA TAWH KISAI,

KA DAWNKIK  NA

Kong koh masak nop

 

 

1.  Hih ka lai-at, a lunglut aa asim,  kong it  ka Zomi pihte mimal ciatin kong  Shalom! masa hi. Hihbangin lai ka at uh ciangin,  delete pahpah masa hetlo in,  thutheihna( just for knowledge) ki behlapna dingin, thukhualna tak tawh aa,  nong etsak na ding un,  kong thum masa nuam hi.

 

2.   Hihbang aa ka lai at un, i  muh pak leh i  ngaihsut pak tawh in,  a haivai,  a giitloh vai leh, a thuduh huai  bangkhat tawh a kibat hangin,  a ki genthute in, mimal khat aipeeng ding hilo,  i minam buppi aa ding thu ahih manin,  ZOMITE’ VAI ( Affairs of the Zomite) hi’n,  aa thupi suahkei leh  ko a gente gensiam lohna hibek ding hiaa, athu in thupi mahmah  ahih lamtak aki tellohkhak ding,ka lung ahimawh hi. 

 

3.   Kei’ thugen,  lai-at in  ka ki vakloh lamtak ka kitheih zahkhat in,  hihbangin  at ding leh gen dingin zong, ka tum ngeikei hi.  Keima tumtakin at-at, ciamtehteh lel in, ka kemlel  hi. A uuk, a theinuam om aa  a hong dot,  a hong kup  ciang bekin, amau’ hong patna zah ciangciang bekmah  ka kum ka genpih lel hi.

 

4.   Tutungin zong,  atum’ hetlo pi, U KHUP THANG  in, heuh sawlna ngah hiding hiam, a hong pat ciangin,  eilam ah zupi lakah zune ding aa a kikaih ciangin, utkei veng aw! utkei veng aw!  acih kawmkawm sileh zuih kawmkawm athuah mahbangin, kei zong utlkeng  cih kawmkawm aa a zuikha kasuak hi.  Lamkhat pan in, ka siatlak kei hi. Bang hanghiam cih leh, hihbang aa hamtangpi aa hong ki atsak na in,  YAWEH (TOPA) in a deihna khat om hiding hi, cihkhat ka lungsim sungah hong suak hi.

 

5.   Tua a hihmanin, ka at ciangin, ka sungaa ka neih thute, ama thuin hong ki zomzom aa, ka atsa teng ka simkik ciangin, bangteng at cih, a theipan bangin  ka om hi. Tua ahih manin, hihbang aa ka mipihte tungah attuak, gentuak thute ka pholak na dingin,  U KHUP THANG  in, ama genthute in maan hi, maanlo hi cih in atuam hibek in,  hamtangpi hong pan a hihmanin, U KHUP THANG tungah ka lung adam mahmah hi.

 

6.  A tungaa kong gennasa a om mahbangin,  hih a ki genthute in,  i mipihte i nopsakna ding, khantoh na ahi Sialtang UNICEF tui na sepna genna pan,  ahong kipan ahi hi.  Tuabang genna panin hong ki zomtoto in,  adang  khantohna ding sepnate tawh a hong kizom  kha ahi hi.

 

7.   Kei pen, Naing-ngan-zii tama ( Politician) ka hikei hi. Zong ka hi nuam kei aa, hih ding in zong ka tumngei kei hi. Banghang hiamcih leh, ka neulai, Politics in bang hiam cih ka telma nangawn in, i Zomite i Politics’ gah kha velval in ka ciamzo hi. Tua hangin, Politics a ki cihnak leh, ka lau hi. Ka kihta hi. Ka lipkhap hi. I Zomite’ Politics bangdan tawh Democracy ngah ding ka lawp kei aa,  ih ngahkhak ding zong ka diip a kuakua hi. 

 

8.   Naing-nganzii (Politics) tawh kisai keima ngaihsutna leh dinmun in,“Zomite leh Gamvai-Zomite and Politics,”  Article khat 2002- kumin  Internet ah hi taleh, 2004- kumin Tedim Journal ah hi taleh ka suaksak ngei hi.

 

9.   1988- kum, i gambuai tungtaang- Dr. Maung Maungin President a seplaitak in, gamsung ki daihetlo ahih manin, kumpiten a khalzawh masangsiah, ei leh ei ih ki kep ih ki huutna ding ci’n, Central Chin National Unity kiphuan hi. Tua-ah Township tawh ki zui in  Section kiphuan aa, kei, Chairman, Chin National Unity, Tedim (Section) aa ding ahong  kiseh ciangin, ka sangpah hi. SLORC a hong kahphet in, ki samsa nawnlo ka hih manin ka apkik pah hi.

 

10.   Tuabangin, Chairman ka sep sungin,  meeting 3- vei leh   Assembly( Khawmpi) 1- ka bawlman hi. Tuabang aa ka bawl ciangin, pawlkhate hong uanglua( extreme) ahih man un, “ kawiah lum! kawiah tei! kawiah thau! cikciangin kuankhia ding aa simh  kipan ding,”  cihzah dongin aw-ging in hong diang nuam  uh hi.

 

11.   Ke’n pen, hih CNU in, tuabang ding a hihlohna, kumpi muanhuai a hong omma,  ei leh ei i  kikep i kihuutna ding aa a kiphuan ahihna  ka tel genhangin,  hong sang thei tuanlo uh aa, “ Nang, meidawwi, lau nahih leh Chairman panin tawpin,” hong ki cihzah dongin hong kiko in, hong zungkawk gawp uh hi.

 

12.   Dr. Vum Son  Singapore a hong pailai in  ka ki mu uhaa,  i Zomite  i Politics  tawh kisai ka ngaihsutna uh hong dong hi. Ko, thutampi kakup loh na uh pan,, “ Kumpite peuhmah ki langpan zongeilo ding a kihihna;  tulaitak aa i minam te  suahtak na ding ciaa,  i minamte that leh matna pen, nase takin kankuat ka hihna uh;  i minamte aa ding i deihsak leh,  aana ngah peuhpeuh kumpite pawlbawl  in,  sem aa hanciam ding ih hihna; tulaitak i mipihte a genhtheihna panin ih suahtak sak theihna dingin, NGO  Programme  tungtawnin atam theithei huhna ihhuai zawhna dingin, ahong hanciam na ding uh,” cih bangin genin  ka vaikhak uh hi.

 

13.   Kei bangin,  Naing-nganzii( Politics) ka uukkei hangin, Naing-nganh!azii(State or National  Affairs)  bel ka uuk hi. I mipihte in, koi cileh nuamsa thei ding cih pen ka ngaihsut tawntung thu ahi hi.Ka uukbek agen ka  hipan aa, hihzo ingh aci  ka hikei hi.

 

14.   Leitungbup tawh i et ciangin, Kawlgamin a nangh bel gam ahi hi. Kawlgam sung panin, Zogam in Pyenee( State) nangh bel ahi leuleu hi. Tua ahih leh Zogamin, Leitung aa a nang penpen gam/minam hi thongh hilo i hiam! 

 

15.   1968- kumin,  Moulmein ah ka omlai, Zangkung pan ka lawm, Mangboi hong hawh.  Nitakkhat, nitum kuanin lamsiau,  BE Unit te’ huangsungah, Bailey Bridge Assembly Parts zaanglai dimin kiciang ziahzuah tungah tukawm in, kanih un  thu ka ki kumkum uh hi.

 

16.   Kei lah ka nasep zawh kum 2- bangbek a phapan hi. Ka lawmpa kiangah, “ Hih leisikte, Mansuang lei acing ding hong kipia dingin, ka nasepna pan tawp ding,  hong kici leh tawppah ning,” ka cihleh, ka lawmpain,“ Naak ngaihsut vecia!,” hong cih sanziau pen, tudong ka bilkha ah a ki thawnlai hi. Tua ka VISION(Ka  sunmang)  tuin hong  taangtung zo  aa, Pa Yahweh hong hehpihna ka phatphat hi. 

 

17.   Kei pen, 1968-84 sung, Nee vive katung hi. Kha 1-2 cihbang ciangin, nipi kalkhat bang taamin, Zangkung ka ciahtheizel hi. Zumvai teng ka manzawh ciangin, phatuamna a hong piathei ding, UNICEF, UNDP, WHO. UNESCO, ADB,  WFO, YMCA,  Redcross  aa kipan, kumpi  zum citengah, bulletin a ki ngahtheih na teng pan la, kam aa a ki dawpthei te ka bandawp  kawikawi hi. Tuabang aa ka hih pen, lungsim bangin ki gamtang theilo ahih manin, nuam ka savet kei hi. 

 

18.   Ko nasepin, nee khawngah Project len ding a ki uttek hi. Head Office ah kuamah a utkei hi. Ke’n, 1985- in, nee pan Head Office ka siauh leh olno takin ka ngahpah hi. Zingsang zumkahma, sun annekkal, nitak zumtuak zawh ciangin,  ka hihtheihbangin zum citengah ka vak kawikawi hi. Tuabang tawh hihna in, hun ki cinglo ahih manin, a nuamvetkei  aa, khat veivei  akhuanla in,  ka painopna teng ah kapai kawikawi hi.

 

19.   Tuabang hihna in nuam ka sa hetkei hi.  Tua ahih manin, ka lungsim bang aa ka tattheih na dingin ci’n, 1990- kumin, kumcinglo pi’n, pensen ngahlo in  kumpi na sepna pan ka khawlbawl  hi. 

 

20.  Hihbangin na a kisep ciangin, kuamah sawl hilo, eimau deihluatna tawh a kisem a hihmanin, kuamah pahtak a ki ngahloh, mite etneu na,  mite simmawh, ko leh tai a ki tuak na dingin, ei mau an-guai(antang tuibuuk) pua in, eimau lamsap  tawh a kikuan khia ahi hi.

 

21.   Atung aa tengin,  ei leh ei aa ding zatna leh beina ahi panbek hi. Hihbang na a kisep ciangin,  ei a hong huhzo, phattuamna a hong piazo dingte  maitang  ki kawici et ding, cih thu  in, a thupi penpen ahi hi. Tuabangin mimai mulo hi lehang, i tup i deihna teng a mawkna asuak ding hi. Tua ahih manin, amau hong nget, hong kalh hi peuhmahlo, eimau maingal theitheih na dingin, kenh’ leh vomh, khelsel khat tawhlo in i mai a ngalngap kei leuleu hi. Tua aa dingin, kuamah in a hong piakei aa,  eimau mah ipsung, eimau mah sumbawm mah sawk aa i gel ding akul leuleu hi.

 

22.   Tuabang a kigel ciangin, Setlu hunin setlu; Maltova hun in Maltova,  India blanket,  Pressure Cooker, Sen Bandola saung, Rakhine longgii,  Paateih, Kimono  a hun tawh ki zui aa minnei vante mahlo in a kilawm keizel hi. Zogam Apple in kawlgam sungah a minthang hi. Zogam aa piang Apple, ki ciamkha man nailo in,  a singkuang a singkuangin ki hawmkhia hi. A kipiak ciangin, “ Chianthuat,” ki ciziau hi. Kua’ chian cihbel ki gen nawnlo  bekaa. Kumsim in ki tua cihlua a ki hih manin, Apple khiate bang tawh ki meltheihnan ki neipah aa, a sawtna ciangin  ka inn bang uh zin hong tunlawh liang hi.

 

23.   Tuabang aa  i maitang ding i gel ciangin,  uliante lian’ ciang bek hileh, kilawmlo, a P.A te zong, aw! a kongcingte ciangdong aa, Peng Lam sapuak cihbang aa a ki hawmkei leh, i  ma avang theikei hi.

 

24.   Hihbang nasepin Pasian nasepna mah tawh a kibang liinlian hiaa, a kigen ciangin, ahoihna   cilphuankai liangin a kigen hangin, a  kisep taktak ding ciangin,  a dingkhia ngam, nuam  kuamah a om keizel hi.

 

25.   I gen ciangin, i kumpite in hong enlo, hong donlo, hong pialo  i cici hi.  Tua in, genban na ding a omtei hangin,  a tamzaw maan hetlo ahihna,  ka tuaknasa tawh kong gen ding hi.  Keimuhna ah,  ei mahmah  kisap na hang hizaw hi ka cinuam hi.  I nghalohna a hangin,  en’  ih theihloh manin leh i veiloh manin i ngetloh na hang; i nget hangin  adan ih siamloh manin; i nget ciangin, khat leh khat i ki nawngkai sakna hang;  a hongpiak ciangin asan  i  siamlohna hang cihbangin ka mu hi.

 

26.   SLORC ahong kahphetin,  meltheihsate vive ahihna hang tawhin, Bahoo  ah sungtum pusuakin ki omthei hi. Bahoo ah, “No, Kawlte in khantohna(Development) ding na hanciam laitakun, ko Zomite in ka sihlohna( for our survival) ding uh ka hanciam sann uh hi,” ka cih uh leh, telnop sapah uh hi.

 

27.   Tua ahihman in, Bahoote in eibang, Pyinee deuhdeuhte hong phawkin, hong deihsak  mahmah hi.  Zogambup  khantohna ( Development) gelna(Plan) bawl ding ka nget uh leh,  bawlaa  a manlang theithei in ten dingin  hongsawl  hi.

 

28.   Ko zong, ka ngahtheih sunsun uh DATA leh gamlim ahi thei bangin kaikhawm pah in,   Zogambup khantohna ding Plan suai in, nipikalkhat sung in ka tenpah uh hi. Amau zong, hong uuksak mahmah in, Cabinet meeting aa ten ding aa ahih laitakin,  a lamdang khat panin Counter-Plan khat  nana lut leuleu hi.

Gentehna:-

         Ko, Khamtung gam khantohna ding a kibawl naah; thakhat thuin, i deihteng leh Zogam bupin zauhih, lom hihtheih omlo ding ahih manin,( a ki zomsuak aa hih ding mah hi veve)

1.   Neektaw’m  ding(Wansa-phulong-zee) – ( 1^st: Phase)

      (a). Dimzaang, Zozaang leh Sialthawzaang  15,000 Acre (approx:)Mechanized
            Agriculture tawh hihding aa apiang antangteng,  Norther Chin Hills tengah
            hawm ding cihbang;

     (b). Antang hawm na dingin in,

            Zozaang  aa buhtang piang teng,

            -Doluang-Sapan-Tedim- Laaitui- Ciau

            -Tedim- Tonzaang- Cikha

           - Duhmang, Mualbeem, Suangzaang-Kaptel-Mualnuam-Buanli-Zampi- Cikha

           - Suangzaang-Heilei- Hrih-Ciau

           - Taaingeen- Lumbaang, Falam- Haka- Thantlang

           Dimzaang, Sialthawzaang aa buhtang teng

           - Sialthawzaang- Tonzaang

- Tonzaang- 

- Silathawzaang- Dimzaang- Zozaang

Hih a tungaa bangin all Weathered Road bawl ding. cihbang ahi hi.

                                 

2.    Khantohna(Phuanhphiau-zee/Development)( 2^nd: Phase)

 

Tuabang nasepna a ki localize  ciangin,

Northern  Chin Hills:-   1^st; Phase

Southern Chin Hills:-    2^nd:Phase  

cihbang ahi hi.  Tua Counter Plan pen,  a masa aa a muhzawh ciangaa a kibawl ahihmanin,  a  ki tukalhna tampi tak a om hi. ( Hihthu a thei nuamte in a tuamin hong dong un)

Tuabang aki hihciangin, uliante’ ngaihsutna buaisakin, tawmvei/ kha-nahlii saai-nganh! ( pending)cih tawhin hun a hong sawtciangin,  a daaisuak hi.

Ahi ahilo cih zong hilo, taingsa( balck mail) khat a omnak leh uliante  in, inquiry bawl phot ahih manin,  sawt mahmah thei aa, zong mangsuak thei hi.

( Hih hun laitak, SLORCte lah a kahtuung, a thei lah ki tamnailo, uliante bangin, Naingnganzii Party te hong kah leh haksa ding a hihna;  tualai in hunhoih laitak ahihna;  Naingnganzii Party hong kah leh olnawnlo ding  ahihna; amanlang theithei  in  hihna ding hong hanthawn  tawntung uh hi. ( hong deihsak mahmah uh hi)

 

29. Zogam buppi aa ding a ki hanciam nop hangin,  ki nawngkai sakna a om tawntung ciangin,  Laaitui aa dingin ki dawp leuleu hi.  Tua a ki dawpte a vekpi in a kingah ding ahih hangin, a ki sansiamloh manin, a kingah dingzah ki ngahlo leuleu hi.

(   i)-   Mansuang lei puah na ding Phuanhphuzii Zanpungngwe panin K320,000

           1987- kumin a ki ngah ding kimlai, Pyenee ten hongthauhkhan lohmanin, ki

           ngahlo. 1989- kum ciangin ki ngah veve hi.

(   ii)- Tedim- Mansuang- Laaitui- Ciau- Hrih -3 vei ki nawngkai sak

(  iii)-  Mansuang Bailey- Suspension Bridge- (Temporary)

(  iv)-  Laaitui Station Hospital kingah;  Ancillary Buildings  te ki ngah ding hong

           kamciam ahih hang, a ki ginatloh manin ngahlo.

(  v) -  Laaitui Hydro-Power Electric- 1989 kumin khat vei ngah. Sangsiamlo; 1993-

           kumin  ngen leuleu, hong ki pia  aa, sangsiamlo leuleu- Neizo nailo

( vi) -  Laaitui Model Township - 1990- kum kipat lamin , mee kitel zawh ciangin

           hongngaihsut sak ding,  ci napi  dawp nawnlo

( vii)-  Laaitui Reforestation -Hong pia napi ki sangsiamlo.

 

30.    Self-Help Scheme tawh sep dingte

         (a).    1986-87 kum pawl dingin, Sia Kam Kap( Kam Za Kap- Haupi) in, Kawlpi

                   khuakiangah  500 Acre ding munah ZOMI NATIOAL CONGRESS –

                   Pentagon zumpi lam dingin hong gelpih hi. Amah  minam a vei mahmah

                   hiaa,  a veina tawh kizui in a tumngam ekh khat ahi hi. Ka tuat uh ciangin,

                   tua zumpi lamna dingin US$ 500 million bang abei ding ahi hi.Tu’n aman

                    hong sihsanzo  ci’n ka za hi.

                   ( Sia Kam Kap bang aa minam vei mi ka theingei nai kei hi. ) 

          (b).   1989- kumin, Tedim 150- Bedded Hospital lamding ki limgel mahmah

                   ahih hangin,  lungsim ginatloh  na hang tawhin, ki dinkhawl hi.

 

Hihte in,  i Zomite tawh kisai kei theihkhakte bek a hong gen ka hiaa, midangte’ hihnate ke’n ka gen thei kei hi. Tua hiaa, hih thu tawh kisai nong kupnop uh a om leh  ka hih theihbangin ka theihna bang tawh kong gen ding hi.

 

 

Zomite sungah,

 

 

Pau Za Mung

----

Hih tawh tawh kisai Zonet sung panin a ki la ahihi.

Zonet <zomi@yahoogroups.com>
date:		Sun, May 4, 2008 at 6:38 PM

Zolai Gelhzia Zuunhuai

Zomite,

1994 Oct 24-24 sung ZCLS hanciamna tawh Leipi Tuiphum Biakinn ah Zolai Seminar om a,  thu tampi kikupnawi khit ciangin Siapi Kam Khaw Thang in,"Eite pen a thei zaw a siam zaw om lo-in, a kibang gual vive i hih manin  gamdang mi linguistic expert khat peuh in 'hi cih gelh un' hong cih lohin thukip om theilo ding hi," ci-a tua mah tu ni dong thungakna ahi  hi. Siapa cih takin Zolai tan 4 tek i hi tek mah hi. Ahi zongin tu in ZCLS' hanciamna mah tawh tu kum sungin tan 5 leh 6 sin theih ding Zolai Bu kibawl a, kizo dek ta hi cih a kizak manin i lungdam mahmah hi. I ci ta zongin Zolai pen Zomite mah in i zuun kei leh mite'n hong zuunsak ding hi lo a, Zolai i zuun loh manin Zokam pau thei khempeuh in Zolai thei lo zel hi. Tua hi a, Zolai  mal khenzia ding tawh kisai-in nunga maban tawm ka hong pulaak kik nuam  hi. Hih pen kei ngaihsutna hi lel a, nang muhna tawh a kilamdan khak leh advice, comment-te hong welcome mahmah ing.


1) Zopau pen  kop nih ta aa, a leng  pau nam hi. Gtn : Mangpu koi-ah paiding nahia? tua bang danin i gelh kha pah hi. Lakamte ah kitel zaw lai ding hi. Cingkok navang mubang kong ngaihna sialbang lianlua. A taktak-in cileng i gelh ciangin tuaci koplen-in  gelh ding hi lo zel hi. Mangpu koi-ah pai ding na hia? cih ding hi a, Cingkok na vang mu bang kong ngaihna sial bang lian lua, ci-a khen aa gelh sinsen ding hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh tehpih kammalte pen i khen hamtang ding hi. Ahi zongin lakam pawlkhatte pen khen loh ding hi zel hi. Gentehna : tang= sawmtang,  sawmsial,  tui= Sautui, Dimtui, Geeltui cih  ding na hi leuleu hi.


2) Min i gelh ciangin laimal gam puah huai ka sa hi. Na sim lecin a khiatna hong kilamdang mahmah ding hi.
2.1 Cin leh Ciin pen i khentel thei khin zo hi.
2.2 Do leh Dou ; Do cih pen hong do tam, hong lampang tam cihna  hi. A hi zongin Dou cih pen zinleleng a dou, a vak tam cihna hi zel hi. Tua hi a, tangthu sunga Lian Do a i gelh pen Lian Dou dingin kilawm zawtham hi. Tua bang dan kammal honkhat a aw sang, a awniam i nei hi. Pawlkhat en dih ni;
2.2.1 sou = A galpa lampi ah  sou a dawh hi.
2.2.2 pou = Lo ah vaimin a pou hi.
2.2.3 zou = Mual dawn gam hoihnate zou kici hi.
2.2.4 tou  = Gal Ngam in Hang Sai a tou hi.
2.2.5 hou = Dolhou (baaldol) leh saphel huan leng a lim hi.
2.2.6 kou  = Mihaupa in mizawngpa a kou hi.


Hih bang danin Cope Topa in zong tuu leh tu, inn le in cihte hong bawlsak khinzo aa, adang pawlkhatte eite' sep dingin hong nusiat ahi hi. Tua hi a, Z = Zoumite hanlung ciam khangto diam! a cih huai kei zaw tam ka ci hi. A AW kikhel zui-in i puahtheih ding om ding a, vowel tawh i puah theih ding om ding hi. ST Hau Go in zong hih bang dan na mukhol ahih manin a Khristian Labu sunga, awsang, awniam, awlai a kitheih nadingin sign, signal na zang hi.Sente bang in 'Ng' bek nangawn zong aw suakin sim thei hi. Puah huaite puah leng, siatzawkna kai sam ding ahiam? Kham, Kim, Lam, Lang, Mang, Niang, Tual,  Vung, Vum, Khen cih kammalte pen a kiatna tuamtuam nei ahih manin ngaihsut huai ding hi.



3. Munlak kammalte(Preposition) tawh kisai-in; A beisa-in i zatzia hi bang hi. Tedimah khua a dam hi. Hih pen Tedim leh ah cih pen kimatsak ding hilo zaw a, a munlak kammal  'ah' pen tangdin leh hoih ka sa hi. A hi zongin munlak kammal nihta kigawm Zokam ah tam mahmah hi. Tuate pen kigawm leh dik ka sa zaw hi; sungah, pua-ah, tungah, nawlah cih bang danin ngaihsut huai hi.


4. Neihsa (Posessive) a lak kammalte i gelh ciangin; Hih laibu kei aa hi (kei' aa ci-a a postrophe kisam lo), Hih laibu kei ading hi( ' kisam lo), Hih laibu kei' laibu hi( ' kisam zel hi), Hih laibu keima aa hi( ' kisam lo).


Zomi a bei kei buang leh Zopau beilo dinga Zokam a kipau lai ten Zolai i zat kul ding hi. Zolai pen a om bangbang aa koi ding sangin puakzek zuunzek ding mah kilawm zaw ding hi. Cope Topa in zong a gelhcilte leh a nunung lam-a a gelhte kilamdang toto-in puah to kawmkawm a hihna i mu hi. Zolai pen eite tel ding bekin ngaihsun lo a, midangte' sin theih dingin ngaihsun leng i puah nopna lungsim hong lian ding hi. Zolai a kin a munmun ah ki-om keukeu ahih manin i Zolai a khangto ding ahi hi. Laibu khat bawl leng Zolai a khangto hi pahpah hi.   Zolai man  takin at theih ding hih thusuahpa in a lunggulh den hi. I Lai le i pau in simlei zel ta hen!

Suang Khen Pau

Nang koi pen hoih na sa a.

Leitung paiziate kikhelkhel in van le nate a thakthak om toto hi. Pilna a thak siamna athak, nisim nuntakzia nangawn athakthak in kikhelkhel hi. Nidang I nuntak ngei dan in kiom thei pha nawn lo hi. Hih bang khua hun sungah mihingte thu pomzia, thungaihsutziate zong kikhel toto hi. Thu ngaihsutziale thupomzia tuamtuam te ( philosophy ) gentelna nam tampi om dinga hih lai ah ahuampi in khenpi 3 in a khen mipilte thupomzia pawlkhat I kikum ding hi.

 Tua thupomzia nam te in

 

1)  Formal Logic ( Siingkuang le Aikuang thupomzia )

2) Dialectics        ( Lengtong Hoih thupomzia  )

3) Trialectics       ( Suangthu Thum thupomzia )
cih bangin nam thum in na kisuut hi.

 

( 1 ) Formal logic  ( Siingkuang le ai-kuang thupomzia )

 

Neino tangthu sungah Lusuangte in Neino a deihgawh uh ciangin Nantal in pia nuam hetlo hi. Neino in zong Nantal mah tel zaw hi. Tua ciangin Neino in Nantal le Lusuangte nek dingin an bawlsak a, khat pen singkuang hi in a khat pen aikuang ahi hi. Nantal mai ah singkuang koih sak a, Lusuangte mai ah aikuang koih sak hi. Ahi zongin Nantal in Ai-kuang ne kha veve ahih manin sih lawh hi.
Tua ahih manin hih thupomzia pen “ Siingkuang le ai-kuang thupomzia” (Formal Logic ) ci in min I pai hi. Thu nam nih bek om a, khat pen nuntakna ci in a khat pen sihna hi cih thupomzia ahi hi.

 

( a ) Thu bulletzia

 

Hih thupomzia abulphuhte in na khempeuh ama mimal muhna ama theihna bek tawh tehkak hi.  Khat vei atheih ngei amuh ngei thupiang khat  pen apiang tawntung dingin la pah hi. Khuahun paizia le thupiang tuamtuamte zui zolo hi. Na khempeuh kikhel mengmeng loin kip tawntung zaw hi ci in sang hi. Na khempeuh a kizom dimdiam in mu loin, ama ut khat peuh bul let mahmah hi.

Nate thu ( sciences ) pilna lam ah zong hih thu thubulletzia pen tuma kum 2500 val Socrates te hun pan kipan Isaac Newton hun dong  akizang thuppomzia ahi hi.

 

( b ) A lim le mel

 

Hih thubulletzia aneite in na khempeuh a hi linlian in mu uh hi. Avom ahih keileh a kang.  Kapawl na hih keileh ka lang. Ahoih keileh a sia. Piangthak maw piangthaklo. Ong it maw ong mudah. Ci lianlian hi. Tua banah Gtn;  Guta hi ci in  atheih ngei khat pen a khantawnin a guta ding mah in ngaihsun hi. Party khat peuhah member ahi ngei khat pen a khantawnin member ahi dingin ngaihsun hi.  Apa lasiam ahihleh atate zong la uk le lasiam dingin um pah hi. Khua le tui, beh le phung siksan in thugen nuam diak hi.

 

Na pil nopleh, na hauh nopleh, na siam nopleh, khantohding I ut leh, kipumkhat ding I ut leh cih bangin na khempeuh gen lianlian lel hi. Ama muhna ah na nam nih ta bek om sak hi.

 

Na khat peuhpeuh a et ciangin na dangdangte tawh a kizom dimdiam in en loin a malmal in en zaw hi. Suangtum pen akhiatna gen beh kul loin kitel ciat hi.  Ahi zongin tu hun ciangin na tampi a kigawm ciangin na khat a piang pan tampi om ta hi. Gtn; Mawtaw, mawtaw khat a pianna dingin apei, a set, a body…, nam tampi a kigawm ahi hi.  Hih dan ciangin buaihuai sa mahmah hi.
Tua tawh kizomin a theihbatloh le a zak ngeiloh thute ahih leh amah tawh a kisailo dan in ngaihsun in kitheihmawh bawl ziau lel hi.

 

Alung kham huai mahmah thu ah, hih thupomzia a lente in thu hamsa khat peuh a tuahkhak ciangin paulap zonga midang khat peuh mawhmat nuam hamtang hi. Abeisa a guallelhna khasiatna thangpaihnate phonglo kikkik a, mi pawlkhatte mawhna khialhna suaksak kik uh hi. Hih gamtatzia pen tu laitaka mi ngongtat  IS te gamtatziate hi pah hi. Hih dan thupomzia a nei pen mun khempeuh ah om kawikawi hi.

 

( 2 ) Dialectics ( Lengtong Hoih )

 

Lengtong Hoih tangthu I et ciangin Lengtong Hoih te unau pen a ki it mahmah bek hi loin, pilna siamna hatna zong nei mahmah uh hi.  Amau utna deihna le kisapna khempeuh a kicingin nei zo uh a, van laizanga om “ Aksi nel-kai” nangawn a la zo uh na hi hi. Na khat peuhpeuh a sep uh ciangun zong a hi sinsen, a hi linlian bek deih uh a, a inn kongkhat nangawn kamsel bek tawh a kihong thei pan ahi hi. “Hanciam peuh leng na khempeuh piang thei hi. Van a aksinel kai nangawn kila thei hi.” ci in na khempeuh maingap mahmah uh hi.

 

Kawl mangpa in lui gei ah Lengtong Hoih sam a zialzial leh theipum cia pha ahih manin  “ Asam zong sua, a mi zong hoih in teh” ci  in ngaihsun a, a nasemte zongsak pah hi. A ngah dongin hanciam hi.

 

Lengtong Hoih in a sanggam pa tawh nuamtakin  a nuntakkhop theihna ding lunggulhna tawh  anau Munei Thangdal ahi vahui pen ciampeek tawh satlum giap ngam hi. Ni sagih khit ciangin  tangval melhoih mahmah khat in thokik sak kik a, kawlmangpa innsungah a unau un nuamtakin om uh hi.

Tua ahih manin  khantohna, hoihna, gualzawhna,nopna le lawhcinna te mihsuan gige in pilna siamna hatna tawh hanciam takin mainawtna le kalsuanna pen Lengtong Hoih thupomzia (Dialectics) ci in min I vawh hi.

 

Hih kammal pen Greek lai in Dialego cih kammal pan piangkhia hi a, Kam kinial, kisel tantan cihna ahi hi. Thukhat peuhpeuh kikum in kisel ngeingai leng adik aman thute ong kilangkhia hi cih thupomzia ahi hi. Hih thupomzia pen Aristotle te Socrates te in amau hun lai in na lim zat mahmah khin uh hi.

 

Thu bulletzia

 

Hih thupomzia a lente thubulletzia pen a tuam hi leuleu hi. Na khempeuh kikhelkhel hi ( Everything change ) ci uh hi. Thuhaksa tampi le buai na tampite I kantanzawh ciang bekin Kikhelna khantohna picinnate kimu thei bek ding hi ci in ngaihsun uh hi.  Na khempeuh kidemna vive hi a, mun khempeuhah a gualzo le a guallel om tawntung hi ci uh hi. Apil asiam ahanciam zo te adingin na khempeuh piangthei hi ci in ngaihsun hi. Thu khat peuhpeuh ah ei deihna thupi mahmah ahih mah bangin mi dangte muhna zong theih huai hi ci in ngaihsun hi. Hih thupomzia a zangte in dinmun le thukiplet khat siksan gige in thungaihsun tawntung uh hi. 

 

Lim le mel

 

Siingkuang le aikuang (Formal Logic) te in na khempeuh namnih in akhen ziau hangin Lengtong Hoih (Dialectics) thungaihsutzia a zangte in tua Thu nam nihte a kido,  akidem, a kigawi gawp hi ci uh a, atawpna ah a manzaw ahoihzaw te gualzo tawntung hi ci in ngaihsun hi.

Hih thungaihsutzia tungtawnin mipilte in leitung tangthute a kizom diudeu in sut kik thei uh hi. Tu ni dong mah hih thu pomziate siksan in gamvai minamvai a kigel a hi hi.

 

Thupiang khat peuhpeuh a om ciangin tua bang a pian theih nading a hang nam khat ta om sak lianlian hi.  Gtn; Kawlgam suahtakna I ngahna pen Bo Aung San hanciamna hi ci ziau lel hi. A lawhcing mi khat om leh thudang kan nawn se loin “ A hi ding mah hi. A nu thupha a sang hi. A pa thupha a sang hi.” cih danin mu ziau hi. Tua mah bangin a tuahsia a tasam khat om leh “ A thuak ding mah hi. A vawh bang a at ai ve” cih san thei hi. Nupa kitawng khat a om ciangin a man le a khial om sak hamtang hi.

 Lengtong Hoih thupomzia pen anuai a Suangthu thum thupomzia sungah a kicianzaw in gen lai ni.

3. Trialectics ( Suangthu thum thupomzia)

 

Leitung Pilna le nuntakziate nakpi takin ong khantoh ciangin a om sa thupomziate tawh a kitukalh bek hi loin a kileh bulh nangawn mun tampi ah om kawikawi hi. Gtn: Ka pawl maw  ka gal cih namnih  tawh a kibuai mahmah hangin pawl lah ahi lo gal lah ahi lo bek thamlo ei ong theikha lo zong mi tam cihtakin tam hi. Tua mah bangin Democracy ngah leng khangto ding cih lametna a liat mahmah laitakin Democracy kician mahmah na pi a khangto mahmah lo gam tampi a om mah bangin Democracy hi lo napi a khangto mahmah gam tampi zong om kawikawi hi. Numei hihna le pasal hihna nangawn deih bangin a kikhel thei khuahun hi ta hi.

 

Pilna khantohna hangin kikhelna manlang mahmah a leitung pen khuano khat bangin a kigen mah bangin apiang thei dingin a kingaihsun vetlo thu tampi piangpiang mai hi.  Hih bang thute hangin mailam thupiang ding nangawn bangmah a kigelkhol thei hetlo khuahun sungah kiom ahih manin thupomzia zong a thak a kizong leuleu hi ta hi.

 

Sanginn sunga I sin tangtang Geometry ( Tincha 2  )laibu pen tuma kum 2500 hun lai a kibawl hi a, behlapna le puahphatna om loin tu ni dong ciang akizang suaksuak pilna thubu ahi hi.  Tua pilna tawh Nate khempeuh kilemtuah in kikantel hi.  Inn lamna ah hih pilna kizang hi. Lampi bawlna, lei bawlna, mawtaw bawln, vanleng bawlna, ni kha le aksite thu thukantelna nangawnah hih pilna kizang hi. Hih zaha thupi  Geometry kici pilna thu pen ahuampi in gen ding hi leng, thubul nam thum ( a dung  x  a vai  x  a sanna ) siksan in Nate thu kantelna cih theih ahi hi. Hih theory pen ei kamin “Suangthu thum” thupomzia  (Trialectics ) ci in min ka na pia a, tuni dong ciang munkhempeuhah a kizang ahi hi.

 

A.Thuhualpi

 

Hih thupomzia a zangte in leitungah a kip a kho bangmah om lo hi. Na khempeuh a kikhelkhel hi lel hi. Singkum lopa suangtum .., cih te zong tu le tu dinmun bek hi a, a tuamtuam in a kikhel toto hi lel hi. Gtn: Singluang pen mei tawh kimu leh meikuang pianga, meikhu, mei am le vut in kikhel hiau hi. Akl, singluang pen muatsuak in leivui piang hi. Akl, Singluang pen lei in vuk cip in suangmeihol piang hi. Hih kikhelna pen mihingte bawl tawm theih hi lo a, a mah le a mah in a piang hi ci hi.
Lengtong Hoih thupomzia in na khat peuhpeuh a hoih zaw ding in kikhel toto hi ci hi. Thupiang khat peuhpeuh in manawh khat nei ciat a, tua mun a tun matengin a paipai ahi hi ci hi. Hih thupiang le kikhelna a om theihna dingin mihingte in tawsawn thei hi ci in pom hi. Ahi zongin Suangthu thum (Trialectics) thupomzia in Nate khempeuh a kikhelkhel hi a, kikhelna pen a ma pianzia taktak hi zaw hi ci in pom zaw hi. Kikhelna pen a hoihlam zong hi thei in, a sia lam zong hi thei hi ci in pom hi.

 

B. A kibanglo nam nih.

 

Na khempeuh a kibanglo vive a kigawm nianua hi a, khat le khat kibang vetlo hi. Tua a kibanglo nate khat veivei kigawm a, khat veivei ciangin kidemin kinawk kipalgawp hi ci in Lengtong Hoih (Dialectics )te in ngaihsun hi. Kidemna pen a om tawntung thu in ngaihsun in kipawlna le kigawmna pen tawmvei sung thu hi ci in pom hi.

 

Ahi zongin Suangthuthumte leuleu in tua nate khempeuh a huampi in sang khawm miemei hi.
Gtn; Nupa khop pen kibang hetlo hi. Khat numei hi in khat pasal ahi hi. Lengtong Hoih thupomzia a zangte in numei le pasal a kibang hetlo nihte a kigawm a kizom hi ci in mu hi.  Suangthuthum te leuleu in numei le pasal a hih manin a kigawm a kizom mah hi lel hi ci hi. Nupa kikal kitot kiselna kam kinialna a om ciangin Lengtong Hoih te in a man a khial om sak uh hi. Ahi zongin Suangthuthum thupomzia a zangte in nupa cih pen a kitawng thei mah hi lel hi ci in ngaihsun ziau hi.

( Aban ah Lengtong Hoih thupomzia pen LHT le Suangthuthum thupomzia pen STT ci in ngelh ni. )

 

C. Buai na

 

Mun khempeuh ah kidemna le buaina om tawntung hi ci in LHT  te in pom hi. Kidemna le buaina pen nampi nih in khen a, sunglam buaina le pualam buaina ci hi. Sunglam buaina le kinawkna a hat mahmah ciangin kikhelna lianpite piang zo hi ci in pom hi. Ahi zongin  STT te in buaina le kidemna pen a piangthei thu le a kisam thu khat in ngaihsun hi. Buaina tuamtuamte a malmal in khen loin hih dan zong om thei zelzel mah hi ci in a huampi in sang hi.

 

Nisim nuntakna sungah zong LHT in buaina khat peuh a om ciangin pawl le gal ci in khennih suah lian a, STT te leuleu in pawl lah a hi lo, gal lah a hi lo pawl om sak lai hi. Gtn; Gam vai ah  LHT te in Kumpi le langlam party ci in khen ziau a, STT te in kumpi lam le langlam party ban ah kipawlna( civil society ) tuamtuam zong om sak  lai uh hi.

 

LHT te in gualzawh ding thupi sa uh hi.  Kidemna ah gualzo khawm ngeingai ding cih bangdan hi sa theilo hi.  “Thankik aw kei hasia le nang ha pha kikhek ni” ( Win – Lose Theory ) cih dan hi mai hi. STT te in buaina le kidemna, gualzawhna guallelhna cih te a om den thute hi a, khat le khat kisangsiam peuhleng a hoih hi lel hi ci in pom zaw hi. Democry thubullet zong hih thu mah hi bulpi pen hi. Ei hihna ciat tawh suakta takin om dimdiam theih ding hanciamna hi lel hi.

 

D. Gel kholhsa hiam

 

Mipilte in a buaipih tawntung thu namnih om a ( a ) Leitung le piansak nate pen a ma tawm in a piang khia hiam ( b ) Ngaihsutna le ngimna khat tawh apiang ahi hiam cih a hi hi. Hih dotna pen a nih tuakun (LHT le STT ) ( b ) na sang khawm bilbel uh hi. 
Ahi zongin a sanzia uh kibang lo hi. LHT te in ama upmawh thu bulpi khat siksan in hih thu pen a hi takpi hi ci in kipsak mahmah hi.  STT te leuleu in thubulkip khat bek hi loin, tampi om dinga, I theih khak loh thute ban ah I theihzawh loh thu zong om lai ding hi ci in pom hi.

Mihingte in ahang I tel zawhloh thupiang tuamtuam a om ciangin “lamdang tak ei, kampha tak ei, hampha tak ei, kamsia tak ei” ci in i gen ziauziau thute pen STT te in mihingin a muhna le a theihna ciangciang tawh thu a gengen uh hi bek hi ci in pom hi.

 

E. Nusiatna

 

LHT te in thu khat peuhpeuh ah a kidempihte le  a langte taisan in nusia uh hi. Tua bang ciang bekin khantohna, ahoihzaw picinna le kikhelnate piang thei pan hi ci in pom hi. STT te in akinusia le a kitaisan cih dan in ngaihsun loin a kilom khawm toto, a kilam khawm toto hi ci in pom zaw hi.

Gtn; Nupa khat in a tate inn a tuan sak ciangin a kikhen le a kitaisan uh hi lo hi. Tua bangin a banban in khang tampi inn kituan toto a, mun tuamtuam ah zong kilal kawikawi hi. Tua khit ciangin minam tuamtuam le pau tuamtuam ong piang to ahi hi. Hih pen a kinusia le a kitaisan hi loin a kilam toto ahi hi.

 

F. Kizopna

 

Tu laitak I muh van le nate pen tawl khat sung a om pak van le nate hi a, mihingte in min tuamtuam a piak hi lel hi. Tua Nate kip tawntung lo hi. Ama hihnate a kip hun tonno sung bek ahi hi. Ama hihnate a kip theihna dingin ama sunga Kizopnate a om ngei bangin a om sung bek hi pak hi. Tua Nate kizopna kikhel leh Nate a dang khat in piang to pah hi. Gtn;  Gua tawn khat pen tu laitak guatawn ahih hangin khutsiam khat in tutphah in bawl leh guatawn panin tutpah suak lel hi. Tua tutpha pen ama sunga om Kizopnate a ngei bangin a om sungteng tutphah hi a, kizopnate a kikhel ciangin sing, nin, ciangkang …, cih danin kikhel leuleu hi.

 Tua Guatawn pen hun khat sung guatawn hi a, a tawntung in guatawn hi lo hi. Amasung kizopna a kipsung teng hi pak hi. Thu dangdangte ah zong tua dan vive mah hi pah hi. Tonno sung a om pak Kizopna te pen a kipsemsem zong om a, a kiplo semsem zong om hi.  Tua kizopna te a kikhelkhel hangin khat le khat a kitaisan le a kinusia cih bang hi tuan lo hi. Ama pianzia khat hi lel hi. Gtn:Haitang ( a lui ) si a, haikungno ( a thak ) piang hi ci in LHT in pom hi. Haitang le haikung thu bek ngaihsunpi in nei hi. STT in haitang le haikungno banah tua tegel kizopna zong thupi sa hi.  Haitang le haino kizopna a thakhauh ciang bekin haikung ong po zo pan hi. A zenzen in tua kizopna thakhauh kei leh haitang si in muat thei lai hi.  Tua ahih manin Haitang panin haino po ding cih thu om thei tuan lo hi. Haino po thei hi. Po lo thei hi. 

 

G. Picinna

 

LHT le STT thupomzia kilamdanna pen amaute thubul pomziate ( Dimensions ) hang ahi hi. Mihingte in sem nuam peuhleh Leitungah a piang theilo bangmah om lo hi.  Leitung, ni, kha le aksite in bei hun nei loin a tawngtung in a om den ahi hi ci in LHT in ngaihsun uh hi. Tua ahih manin amaute in ngimna le gelna kician nei diudeu in thaneih zah in hanciam uh hi. 

Ahi zongin STT in Mihingte hih theihna pen ahi ciang khat bek om hi. Leitung, ni, kha le aksite zong a kip tawntung hi loin, hun ciangtan khat nei ciat uh hi ci in ngiahsun hi. Tua ahih manin thu le la khat peuhpeuh a gel uh ciangin “Thu paizia dungzui in a lem theihleh” ( Pasian in ong thukim pih leh ) cih dan in pai zaw uh hi.

 LHT  in Gam le minam khantohna dingin kidemna buai na hanciamna tampi kisam hi ci hi. Hih thubulpite siksan in innkuan sung, pawlpi sung, khua le tui sung leh gam le lei vai khempeuhte ah na ong kisep ciangin a gualzo le a guallel ci in pawl nam nih ta ong piang den hi. Agualzote in gal nei suak uh a, a guallelte in zong maban a nei mah suak in kidemna bei theilo a, nopna daihna om thei nawnlo hi.

 

STT leuleu in “ Singkung lopa tawm semsem in khuahunte lum semsem a, leitung in siatlam manawh ta hi ( khuahun sia ).  Tua bek tham loin mihingte bawl a thakhauh mahmah galvan tuamtuamte hangin leitung pen thakhat thu in a maimang thei dinmuh hi ta hi( leitung vut le vai suak thei ) ci hi. Tua hi a mihingte in leitungbup huamin thu le la vaihawmin kalsuanloh phamawh ta hi. Leitung le a kim le pam a omte hoih takin I kep loh phamawh ta hi. Thu le la khat peuhpeuh vaihawmna a om ciangin  mikhempeuh in  Thukhualna le a picing mahmah lungsim neihloh phamawh ci in STT in pom hi.

 

Thukhupna

 

Hih lai ah mihingte lungsim puakzia le thupomzia a huampi in Nam thum in I gen ciangin, hihzah bek om hi cihna hi lo hi. Hih tawh a kibanglo zong tampi om lai kha ding hi. Mai lamah zong om toto lai kha ding hi.

 

Hih thupomziate I et ciangin ei mah tektek dinmun I kitelna ding bek a thupi pen in ka lamen hi. Mi khat in thupomzia khatta bek kinei hi tuam lo a, mun khat ah Siingkuang le aikuang thupomzia tawh i gamtat hangin thudang khat ah Suangthuthum thupomzia zangin thun kikhensat veve lel hi.

Tua ahih manin hih thupomziate pen Midangte tungah thukhenna ding hi lo a, I zat siam nakleh eima nuntakna bek tham loin i innkuan sung, vengsung, pawlpi sungah khua le tui sungah noptuamna om taktak ding hi ci in ka lamen hi.

 ( Zingsol, Megazine ah a kicingzaw in ong suak lai ding hi.)

Ref-
-Trialectics ( U Kyaw Win )
-Dimensions ( Ko Thar )
-Zolai simbu