ရဲေဘာ္ရဲဘက္

  ျမန္မာသကၠရာဇ္ ၈၈၉ ခုႏွစ္၊ အင္း၀ေခတ္ပတ္၀န္းက်င္တြင္ ရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိက “ ရဲေဘာ္ ” ေ၀ါဟာရကုိဖြင့္ဆုိၿပီး ေနာက္ ႏွစ္ႏွစ္အၾကာမွာ ရွင္မဟာရဌသာရ၏ သံ၀ရပ်ိဳ႕ စာပုိဒ္ ၁၇၃ မွာ ေအာက္ပါ အတုိင္းေတြ႕ရေပသည္။

“ ေဆြစစ္မ်ိဳးစစ္၊ ေက်းႏွစ္ကၽြန္ရင္း၊ ရဲေဘာ္ခ်င္းႏွင့္ ရဲတင္းလက္နက္၊ ရဲဘက္မွဴးမတ္၊ ရဲညီၫြတ္လ်က္၊ မခၽြတ္သစၥာ၊ ပညာလံု႔လ၊ စြန္႔ထေပးကမ္း၊ ျပည္လံုးမြမ္း၍၊ တတ္စြမ္းႏုိင္ေရး၊ ရွင့္ညီေထြး ကား၊ ေရွးေထာက္ေနာက္ငဲ့၊ ကုိယ္ၾကပ္ဖြဲ႕ေသာ္၊ ကုိးဆယ့္ကုိးထပ္၊ နားပန္းထပ္မႈ၊ ခ်ည္းကပ္ၿမိဳ႕ပါး၊ ေနာင္ ေတာ္မ်ား၏၊ စြမ္းအားႀကီးထူ၊ ရဲမက္ဟူသား၊ ရန္သူမွန္တုိင္း၊ လိႈင္း၍လႈပ္ၿဖိဳ၊ စိတ္မၿပိဳသည္၊ ျမင္းမုိရ္ေတာင္ ႏွယ္ခုိင္သတည္း ” ရွင္မဟာရဌသာရသည္ အင္း၀ေခတ္၏ ေရွ႕ေဆာင္ပုဂၢိဳလ္စာဆုိအရွင္ျဖစ္ေပသည္။ စာဆုိ၏ကုိးခန္းပ်ိဳ႕ဘူရိဒတ္လကၤာႀကီး၊ ဘူရိဒတ္ဇာတ္ေပါင္းပ်ိဳ႕၊ ဂမၻီသာရပ်ိဳ႕မ်ားမွာ ထင္ရွားၿပီး အားထား မွီခုိရာျဖစ္ေပသည္။ အထက္ေဖာ္ျပပါ သံ၀ရပ်ိဳ႕လာ ရဲေဘာ္ခ်င္း၊ ရဲတင္းလက္နက္၊ ရဲဘက္မွဴးမတ္၊ ရဲညီၫြတ္၊ ရဲမက္စသည္ျဖင့္ စစ္ေ၀ါဟာရမ်ားစြာကုိ ဖြင့္ဆုိထားေပသည္။ သံ၀ရပ်ိဳ႕ကုိ ျပည္ဘုရင္ေထြးက ေတာင္းပန္သျဖင့္ ျပည္ၿမိဳ႕မွာ ရွင္မဟာရဌသာရက ေနာက္ဆံုးလက္ရာမြန္အျဖစ္ ဖြဲ႕ဆုိခဲ့သည္။ မုိးၫွင္းစလံုသည္ အင္း၀ကုိတုိက္ခုိက္ေအာင္ျမင္၍ စာဆုိရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိကုိပါ ေျမဒူးၿမိဳ႕သုိ႔ပင့္ေဆာင္သြားခဲ့ သည္။ ယင္းၿမိဳ႕မွာ သီတင္းသံုးစဥ္ ယြန္းဆရာေတာ္၏တုိက္တြန္းခ်က္အရ သု၀ဏၰသာမသူေဌးခန္း၊ ျမားပစ္ခန္း၊ သစၥာခန္းပ်ိဳ႕ႀကီးမ်ားကုိ ေရးသားဖြဲ႕ဆုိခဲ့ေပသည္။ ယင္းပ်ိဳ႕မ်ားမွ “ ရဲေဘာ္ ” ေ၀ါဟာရကုိ အက်ယ္တ၀င့္ဖြင့္ဆုိခဲ့ျခင္းျဖစ္ေပသည္။

“ ရဲေဘာ္ခ်င္းႏွင့္၊ ရဲတင္းလက္နက္၊ ရဲဘက္မွဴးမတ္၊ ရဲညီၫြတ္လ်က္ ” ဟူ၍ ႏုိင္ငံေတာ္အေရးႀကံဳ လာေသာအခါ စစ္သည္ရဲမက္ဗုိလ္ပါ ျပည္သူအေပါင္းတုိ႔က ရဲေဘာ္ရဲဘက္ပီသစြာ ညီၫြတ္စြာ ခုခံတြန္းလွန္အသင့္ရွိပံုကုိ ဖြဲ႕ဆုိေဖာ္ျပထားေပသည္။

ရွင္မဟာရဌသာရ၏ ရဲေဘာ္ရဲဘက္ဟူေသာ ေ၀ါဟာရသည္ အရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိ၏ ရဲေဘာ္ေ၀ါဟာရ ႏွင့္ အဓိပၸာယ္သင့္ေလ်ာ္ညီၫြတ္ေနေပသည္။

“ ေဆြရင္းမ်ိဳးခ်ာမ်ား၊ မွဴးမတ္မ်ား၊ အမႈထမ္းမ်ားအားလံုးသည္ စည္းလံုးညီၫြတ္ၾကသည္။ ရန္သူ ႏွင့္ေတြ႕ပါက ရဲရင့္ၾကသည္။ ရဲေဘာ္ရဲဘက္ပီသစြာ တုိက္ပြဲ၀င္သူမ်ား ” ဟူ၍ အဓိပၸာယ္ရွိေၾကာင္းေတြ႕ရသည္။

“ ရဲေဘာ္ ” ဟူေသာေ၀ါဟာရ ေခတ္စားထင္ရွားလာျခင္း

ျမန္မာသကၠရာဇ္ ၈၈၉ ခုွႏွစ္၊ အင္း၀ေခတ္ပတ္၀န္းက်င္တြင္ ရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိက သု၀ဏၰသာမသူေဌး ခန္း၊ ျမားမွန္ခန္း၊ သစၥာဆုိခန္း၊ ပ်ိဳ႕လကၤာႀကီးမ်ား ေရးသားခဲ့ရာ သူေဌးခန္း စာပုိဒ္ ၆၅ မွာ “ မိဘစစ္ကုိ၊ ဆုတ္ႏွစ္ဖဲဖဲ၊ ရဲေဘာ္မေသြ၊ ရဲေလေသာအား ” ျမားပစ္ခန္း စာပုိဒ္ ၆၄ မွာ “ ရဲမည္အခါ၊ ရဲခါေရာက္ေသာ္၊ ရဲေဘာ္မညီ ” ဟု ေဖာ္ျပသံုးႏႈန္းထားေပသည္။

ယင္းေခတ္ပတ္၀န္းက်င္မွစတင္ကာ “ ရဲေဘာ္ ” ေ၀ါဟာရေခတ္စားထင္ရွားလာသည္ဟု ဆုိစမွတ္ ျပဳႏုိင္ေပသည္။ ရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိသည္ မိမိ ဖခင္သူရဲေကာင္း ဘယေက်ာ္သူကုိ ဂုဏ္ျပဳလုိ၍ “ ရဲေဘာ္ ” ေ၀ါ ဟာရကုိ ဖြဲ႕ဆုိခဲ့ေၾကာင္း သိေကာင္းစရာ ေလ့လာႏုိင္ေပသည္။

ပုဂံေခတ္မွပင္ စတင္ထြန္းကားခဲ့ေသာ ဗုဒၶဘာသာကုိ ျမန္မာတုိ႔ ၾကည္ညိဳသဒၶါပြားခဲ့ၾကရာမွ ျမန္မာ သကၠရာဇ္ ၈၈၈ ခုႏွစ္၊ အင္း၀ေခတ္ကာလတြင္ သုိဟန္ဘြား၏ ရမ္းကားမႈေၾကာင့္ အမ်ိဳးဘာသာသာသနာ ေပ်ာက္ကြယ္လုနီးပါး ထိေတြ႕ခံစားခဲ့ၾကရသည္။ ထုိေခတ္ကာလေတာင္းဆုိမႈျဖင့္ စာဆုိရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိသည္ ဘုရားေလာင္းသု၀ဏၰသာမ ဇာတ္ေတာ္ႀကီးအားအေျခခံထား၍ သူေဌးခန္း၊ ျမားမွန္ခန္း၊ သစၥာဆုိခန္းတုိ႔ကုိ ဖြဲ႕ဆုိတင္ျပခဲ့ေပသည္။ ဖခင္စစ္သူရဲေကာင္း၏ ၾသ၀ါဒစကားမ်ားကုိ မွတ္ သားေလ့လာရာမွ စစ္ေ၀ါဟာရ၊ စစ္သေဘာတရား၊ စစ္ဗဟုသုတမ်ားရရွိကာ “ ရဲေဘာ္ ” ေ၀ါဟာရကုိ ဖြင့္ဆုိရွင္းျပခဲ့ေပသည္။

ထုိ႔အတူ ရွင္မဟာရဌသာရသည္ အင္း၀မွျပည္သုိ႔ ပင့္ေဆာင္ျခင္းခံရၿပီး ျပည္ၿမိဳ႕မွာ သီတင္းသံုးစဥ္ ျပည္ဘုရင္ေထြးက ေက်းဇူးျပဳသည့္အေနျဖင့္ သံ၀ရပ်ိဳ႕ကုိ ဖြဲ႕ဆုိခဲ့သည္။ စာဆုိသည္ စစ္သူရဲေကာင္းတုိ႔ကုိ ခ်ီးက်ဴးဂုဏ္ျပဳလုိ၍ ဂမၻီသာရပ်ိဳ႕ စာပုိဒ္ ၄၂ မွာ လက္၀ဲေနာ္ရထာက ယင္းသုိ႔ပုဂံေခတ္ အေနာ္ရထာလက္ ထက္မွ သူရဲေကာင္းျမင္းသည္ေတာ္ ေလးဦးရွိခဲ့သည္ကုိ နမူနာယူ၍ ေနာင္အစဥ္အဆက္ ျမင္းရည္တက္ “ ရဲေဘာ္သင္း ” မ်ားဖြဲ႕ခဲ့သည္ဟု အဆုိျပဳထားေပသည္။

ထူးျခားေသာ အင္း၀ေခတ္ပတ္၀န္းက်င္

ထူးျခားသည္မွာ စာဆုိ၏ ေခတ္ပတ္၀န္းက်င္ျဖစ္သည္။ ျမန္မာသကၠရာဇ္ ၈၈၆ ခုႏွစ္တြင္ မုိးၫွင္းစလံုသည္ စစ္ကုိင္းသုိ႔ခ်ီလာသည္။ စစ္ကုိင္းမွသည္ ေနာက္ဘက္တစ္လႊား ၿမိဳ႕ရြာမ်ားကုိ တုိက္ခုိက္ သိမ္းယူၿပီးလွ်င္ သရက္တုိင္ေအာင္ခ်ီသည္။ မုိးၫွင္းစလံုႏွင့္ ျပည္ဘုရင္သတုိးမင္းေစာတုိ႔၏ခ်စ္ၾကည္နားလည္မႈယူၿပီး ျပည္ဘုရင္သတုိးမင္းေစာက ေရေၾကာင္း၊ မုိးၫွင္းစလံုက ၾကည္းေၾကာင္း၊ စစ္ေၾကာင္းႏွစ္ေၾကာင္းၫွပ္၍ အင္း၀သုိ႔ ခ်ီတက္လု္ပ္ႀကံသည္။

မုိးၫွင္းစလံု၏သား သုိဟန္ဘြားႏွင့္ ဘယေက်ာ္သူ ရင္ဆုိင္တုိက္ပြဲတြင္ ဘယေက်ာ္သူေသနတ္သင့္၍ ဆင္ဦးစီးကင္းတြင္ပင္ က်ဆံုးခဲ့ရရွာေပသည္။ ဘယေက်ာ္သူကား စာဆုိရွင္ အဂၢသမာဓိ၏ ေက်းဇူးရွင္ဖခင္ပင္တည္း။ နတ္ေမာက္ၿမိဳ႕စားျဖစ္ၿပီး ပုဂံအဆက္အႏြယ္ျဖစ္ေပသည္။ ဘုိးေဘးတုိ႔မွာလည္း မွဴးမတ္တုိ႔၏ အေဆာင္အေယာင္၊ အစီးအနင္းတုိ႔ျဖင့္ စံစားေက်ာ္ၾကားခဲ့ေသာ မွဴးေကာင္း မတ္ေကာင္းမ်ားျဖစ္ေပသည္။ နတ္ေမာက္ၿမိဳ႕စားႀကီးသည္ ေတာင္တြင္းႀကီးတုိက္ပြဲတြင္ လက္ရံုးရည္အစြမ္းျပခဲ့သျဖင့္ ဘယေက်ာ္သူဘြဲ႕ကုိ ခ်ီးျမွင့္ျခင္းခံခဲ့ရေပသည္။

သားေကာင္းျဖစ္လုိသူ ူရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိ

ရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိသည္ ဖခင္ျဖစ္သူကုိ လြန္စြာၾကည္ညိဳေလးစားသူျဖစ္ေပသည္။ ဖခင္က လက္ရံုးရည္တုိက္ပြဲေကာင္းမ်ားအေၾကာင္း ေျပာျပမႈကုိ ငယ္စဥ္ကပင္ စိတ္ရႊင္လန္းအားရစြာ နားေထာင္ ၾကားေယာင္ခဲ့ရေပသည္။ ခမည္းေတာ္၏ သူရသတၱိအစြမ္းကုိ အံ့မခန္းျဖစ္ခဲ့ရသလုိ သားစာဆုိရွင္၏ ကဗ်ာ လကၤာမ်ားကုိလည္း ဖခင္ျဖစ္သူက သေဘာက်ႏွစ္ၿခိဳက္ခဲ့ေပသည္။ စာဆုိမွာ သူရဲေကာင္းဖခင္၏ တုိက္ပြဲ မ်ားအေၾကာင္း စစ္ေ၀ါဟာရအသံုးအႏႈန္းတုိ႔ကုိပါ အကၽြမ္း၀င္နားရည္၀ခဲ့ဟန္တူေပသည္။ ထုိ႔ေၾကာင့္ စာဆုိရွင္၏ ပ်ိဳ႕ကဗ်ာမ်ားတြင္ ေခတ္ပတ္၀န္းက်င္ စစ္ဓေလ့မ်ား ရုိက္ခတ္လႈပ္ရွား စိမ့္၀င္လ်က္ရွိေပသည္။

ထုိသုိ႔ၾကည္ညိဳေလးစားရေသာ ခမည္းေတာ္မင္းသူရဲေကာင္းႀကီး က်ဆံုးခဲ့ရသည့္အျပင္ စာဆိုရွင္ ကုိယ္တုိင္မွာလည္း ေျမဒူးၿမိဳ႕သုိ႔ အပုိ႔ခံပင့္ေဆာင္ျခင္းခံခဲ့ရရွာေပသည္။ ေျမဒူးၿမိဳ႕မွာ သီတင္းသံုးေနရစဥ္ စြယ္စံုပညာရွင္ ယြန္းဆရာေတာ္သူျမတ္ႏွင့္ ဖူးေတြ႕ခြင့္ႀကံဳခဲ့ရေပသည္။

ယြန္းဆရာေတာ္ကလည္း ရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိ၏ ကဗ်ာဥာဏ္ရည္ကုိ တန္ဖုိးထားေလးစား၍ သု၀ဏၰသာမဇာတ္ေတာ္ကုိ လကၤာဖြဲ႕ဆုိရန္ တုိက္တြန္းခဲ့ေပသည္။ ရွင္အဂၢသမာဓိသည္ တပည့္တပန္းမ်ားကုိ စာသင္ၾကားပုိ႔ခ်ရင္း အားလပ္သည့္အခ်ိန္မွာ သု၀ဏၰသာမဇာတ္ကုိ သံုးခန္းခြဲ၍ “ သူေဌးခန္း၊ ျမားမွန္ခန္း၊ သစၥာခန္း ” ဟူ၍ သမုိင္း၀င္လကၤာတင္ ဖြဲ႕ဆုိခဲ့ေပသည္။

ဤသုိ႔ျဖင့္ စာဆုိသည္ သူရဲေကာင္းဖခင္ကုိ ၾကည္ညိဳရင္းရွိသည္ႏွင့္အညီ လကၤာဖြဲ႕သီရာတြင္ ဖခင္ ၏ စစ္သူရဲေကာင္းဘ၀ႏွင့္ယွဥ္လ်က္ စစ္သည္ရဲမက္တုိ႔၏ဘ၀အေၾကာင္းကုိ တေစ့တေစာင္းထည့္သြင္း ေရးသားခဲ့ဟန္တူေပသည္။ မိမိသည္ဖခင္၏စကားကုိ ၾကည္ညိဳေလးစားလုိက္နာသလုိဖခင္ကုိတန္ဖုိးထား၍ သားေကာင္းဖခင္စာဆုိရွင္ျဖစ္လုိဟန္တူသည္။

မိမိေခတ္ပတ္၀န္းက်င္မွာမူ မုိးၫွင္းစလံု၏သား သုိဟန္ဘြားသည္ ရုိင္းပ်ဆုိးရြားလြန္းေပသည္။ အမ်ိဳးဘာသာသာသနာပေပ်ာက္သည္အထိ ဘုရား၊ ေက်ာင္း၊ ကန္မ်ားကုိ တူးၿဖိဳဖ်က္ဆီးပစ္ခဲ့သည္။ သာသနာရဟန္းေတာ္မ်ားကုိ ေစာ္ကားခဲ့သည္။ ရာဇ၀င္ရုိင္းေအာင္ ဖခင္၏စကားကုိဖယ္ရွားကာ ျမန္မာ ႏုိင္ငံေတာ္ႀကီးပ်က္စီးၿပိဳကြဲလုနီးပါး ဖ်က္ဆီးေစခဲ့သည္။

မိမိ၏ဖခင္သူရဲေကာင္းကုိ ေက်းဇူးဆပ္ဂုဏ္ျပဳရာေရာက္သလုိ ဖခင္ကုိျပစ္မွားသူ သုိဟန္ဘြားကုိ လည္း သတိတရားသံေ၀ဂရေစရန္ရည္သန္၍ သု၀ဏၰသာမဇာတ္ေတာ္ႀကီးကုိပင္ တမင္ေရြးခ်ယ္ဖြဲ႕ဆုိခဲ့ဟန္ တူေပသည္။

ရဲေဘာ္၏ ေ၀ါဟာရအစ

ဤတြင္ မိခင္ဖခင္တုိ႔အား လုပ္ေကၽြးျပဳစုခဲ့သည့္ သု၀ဏၰသာမဇာတ္ေတာ္ႀကီးကုိ သု၀ဏၰသွ်ံသူေဌး ခန္းတြင္ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသခင္လက္ထက္ေတာ္၌မိဘကုိရုိေသလုပ္ေကၽြးေသာသူေဌးသားရဟန္းအေၾကာင္းကုိ အက်ယ္တ၀င့္ဖြဲ႕ဆုိထားေပသည္။

ဇာတ္ေၾကာင္းမွာ မိဘကုိစြန္႔ပစ္၍ ရဟန္းျပဳခဲ့ေသာ သူေဌးသားသည္ မိဘမ်ား ဆင္းရဲႏြမ္းပါးသြား ေသာအခါ သတိသံေ၀ဂရၿပီး ရဟန္းဘ၀ႏွင့္ပင္ ဆြမ္းခံလုပ္ေကၽြးျပဳစုေသာ အျဖစ္အပ်က္ကုိ အေျခခံဖြဲ႕ဆုိ ထားသည္။ ဤတြင္ စာဆုိရွင္က စစ္သည္ရဲမက္ဘ၀ကုိ အားက်ၾကည္ညိဳသူပီပီ မိဘတည္းဟူေသာ စစ္ပြဲ ႀကီးတစ္ပြဲကုိ ၀င္ေရာက္ဆင္ႏႊဲသည့္ပံုစံျဖင့္ အက်ယ္တ၀င့္ဖြင့္ဆုိလုိေပသည္။

ဤတြင္ ရဲေဘာ္ေ၀ါဟာရကုိ စတင္ေတြ႕ျမင္ရေပသည္။ ပစၥည္းဥစၥာကုန္ခန္းေနေသာ မိဘစစ္ပြဲႀကီး ကုိ သူေဌးသားရဟန္းျဖစ္သူ ရဲေဘာ္က ရဲရဲရင့္ရင့္တုိက္ပြဲ၀င္လုပ္ေကၽြးျပဳစုေသာ သေဘာအဓိပၸာယ္ေရာက္ ေအာင္ စြမ္းေဆာင္ေရးဖြဲ႕ထားေပသည္။ ဖခင္သူရဲေကာင္းႀကီး ဘယေက်ာ္သူကုိ ေလးစားအမွတ္ရဂုဏ္ျပဳ သည့္အေနျဖင့္ စစ္ပြဲတစ္ပြဲဆင္ႏႊဲသည့္ပံုစံျဖင့္ အျပည့္အ၀ေရးျုပထားေပသည္။ သု၀ဏၰသွ်ံ၊ သူေဌးခန္း၊ စာပုိိိိိိိိိဒ္ ၆၅ မွာ ေအာက္ပါအတုိင္းေဖာ္ျပထားေပသည္-

“ သဃၤရာဇာ၊ သည္သာတစ္ဆူ၊ ဘုရားဟူသား၊ ေမာက္လွဦးေခါင္း၊ ေဆာင္းလတ္ထံုေသာ္၊ သဃၤာေတာ္တုိ႔၊ ရွင္ေက်ာ္မိန္ညိဳ၊ ၀တ္သားကုိယ္ျဖင့္၊ မူလုိေယာက်္ား၊ တရားလည္ေတြး၊ စြတ္စြတ္ေစြးမွ်၊ ခြင့္ေရးသီလွ၊ ၀ီရိယတု၊ နားဂစြယ္စံု၊ စီးေလထံုေသာ္၊ ခ်မ္းလံုျဗဟၼစုိရ္ရ၊ ဓမၼလည္းေကာင္း၊ လႊားကာေကာင္းျဖင့္၊ ရဲေၾကာင္းဖြင့္လွစ္၊ ခုနစ္ေဗာဇၥ်င္၊ လွည္းေပါင္းတင္လ်က္၊ ၿမဲပင္မကြာ၊ ကရုဏာထား၊ စိမ္း၀ါညဳိညဳိ၊ ေဒါင္းမုိးလူလူ၊ ရန္သူေၾကာက္ရြံ႕၊ ဂရုဓံငါးပါး၊ အသြားသံုးဖက္၊ ေရႊသန္လ်က္ကုိ၊ ဧကဂၢတာ၊ ေသခ်ာအပ္ဘိ၊ ကတိေဖြးေဖြး၊ စစ္ေလးျဖဴးျဖဴ၊ ေသာက္ရွဴးၾကည္ဟန္၊ ရဲတံခြန္ႏွင့္၊ ရဲမြန္လွံေထာင္၊ အရဲေခါင္သား၊ ေဆြေအာင္ရွင္နည္း၊ တစ္စည္းတည္းလွ်င္၊ ပစၥည္းကုန္လစ္၊ မိဘစစ္ကုိ ၊ ဆုတ္ႏွစ္ဖဲဖဲ၊ ရဲေဘာ္မေသြ၊ ရဲေလေသာအား၊ ေသထံုျငားလည္း၊ ေလးပါးအပၸါယ္၊ မၿငိတြယ္လွ်င္၊ ေျခာက္သြယ္နတ္ျပည္၊ တက္လိမ့္မည္တည္း၊ ျမရည္မင္းေခ်၊ ျပဳပေစဟု၊ ဆုိေတြေမာက္မာ၊ ေနာင္သညာႏွင့္၊ သဒၵါသီလ၊ ရဲမုန္က်၍၊ ညာဏာဂမၻီ၊ ရဲစစ္ခ်ီက၊ ပါရမီထုတ္ေတာင္း၊ ရဲတင္းေဆာ္သည္၊ သူေတာ္ကုိယ္က်စြမ္းရဲတည္း ”

အထက္ပါအတုိင္း သူေဌးသားရဟန္းကုိ စစ္၀တ္တန္ဆာလႊမ္းကာ ေမာက္လူမင္းညိဳ၊ ဗာလည္ေကြး၊ လႊား၊ ကာ၊ ေတာင္းတုိ႔ျဖင့္ လက္နက္ကုိယ္စီကုိင္လ်က္ ဆင္၊ ျမင္း၊ ရထား၊ ေျခသည္ စစ္ အဂၤ ါေလးပါးျပည့္စံုစြာ ေဒါင္းမုိးအလံလႊင့္ထူၿပီး သန္လ်က္၊ စစ္တေလး၊ ရဲတံခြန္၊ စစ္အေဆာင္အေယာင္၊ စစ္အသံုးအေဆာင္အျပည့္တပ္ဆင္လ်က္ မိဘစစ္ပြဲႀကီးသုိ႔ စစ္ထြက္ပြဲဆင္ႏႊဲပံုကုိ ဖြဲ႕ဆုိျပထားေပသည္။ ။

တကၠသုိလ္ တင္ခ 

Kawlgam President Thak Liklek U Htin Kyaw Taangthu

Kum 70 a upa, Kawlgam President Thak likkek U Htin Kyaw pen Mon sisan leh Kawl sisan kihel khat hi-in 1946 July 20 in Yangon Division,Kungyangon Myo ah suak hi.Apa U MinThu Wun pen Kawlgam sung ah (Poet) laigelh siam in a minthang khat a hihi.Apa MinThu Wun pen 1990 kum kiteelna ah NLD Party te ii Kungyangon Myone Pyituh Luatdaw Kusale a hihi.

U Htin Kyaw pen Pi Aung San Suh Kyi tawh akibang in English Methodist Missionary High School Yangon ah Highschool na kah khawm ngei uh aa,1962 kum in Yangon University ah pilna sim in 1968 Kum tak ciang in Sipuazi buaih M.Econ tawh sang hong man hi.

1971-1972 Kum in Institute of Computer Science, University of London England gam ah sangvakah in Computer Science tawh sang hong man in,1973 Kum tak ciang in azi Daw Su Su Lwin tawh hong kiteeng hi.

1974 Kum in Japan gam Tokyo khuapi ah Asia Electronics Union ah Computer lam tawh kisai pilna sim in sang vakah hi.1974-75 Kum in Yangon University pan in M.Sc Computer Science tawh sang hong man hi.

1975-80 Kum dong Heavy Industries Corporation, No. 2 Industrial Ministry ah Deputy Division Chief hong sem hi.1987 Kum in Arthur DeLittle, Management Education Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts ah pilna sim in vapai hi.

1980-92 Kum dong (Foreign Economic Relations Dept, Planning and Treasury Ministry) ah Deputy Director hong sem hi.1992 Kum in FERD Deputy Director asepna pan in anasep khawlsan in ama thu in na tawp hi.

Kum 2000 Kum in Pi ASSK Mandalay Khuapi ah Campaign bawl ding in apailai in Kawl Kumpi te in phallo uh a hih man in khaktan in amat gawp lai un,U Htin Kyaw zong kiman in Insein Gilbem sung ah atuam vilvel in Kha 4 sung Gilbem ah ki-khum hi.

U Htin Kyaw pen NLD Party aki-phot tung aa kipan leh Pi ASSK Inn huangpi sung ah akikhum cip hun sung tawmtung khempeuh hun sung in Pi ASSk ngei nai ah om in,Pi ASSK kisapna vai tuamtuam te ah ahuh den leh apanpih den khat a hihi.Tuakhit ban ah Daw Khin Kyi Foundation kipawlna akiphotcil tung aa kipan tuni dong member khat in mapang in nasep ana huh den khat a hihi.Pi ASSK gen na ah U Htin Kyaw pen Thuman Citak leh (Discipline) Sikan zui in agamta khat a hih ban ah Kawlgam level leh Leitung level ii Zahtaak huai asak uh mipil khat a hih na tawh Kumpi ding in katel a hihi ci hi.

Tutung 2016 Kumpi kiteelna ah NLD Party ai-taang in Kumpi dending in teelkhiatna na hong ngah ahih man in tutung 2016 March 15 ni in Kawlgam Kumpi kiteelna ah Vote piathei mi 652 a om na lak ah Vote 360 tawh na gualzo pikpek a hih man in (Kawlgam) Republic of Union of Myanmar ii President 9 na hong suak a hihi.

Lungdam,

Ref:VOA English.

Zomite minam nasepna tangthu tomkim

Minam khat in ka gam ka lei a cih ding gam khat neih ding pen baih het lo hi. A neisate in zong a gam a lei uh it in, gal leh sa lakah a khahsuah lohna dingin ahih theih zahun keem tek uh hi. Tua mah bangin I pu I pate in zong I gam I lei hu a, a khang a khanga gal leh sa a dona uh gen ding tampi om hi. Zogam la dinga British galkapte hong kuan lai taka I pu I pate in a hih zawh zahun Mikang galkapte nangin, a do mah bangun, Mikang ten Zogam hong lak khit ciangin zong Zogam pan Mikang galkapte nohkhiat kik sawmin hih theihnana pan do tawntung uh hi. Tua hanga Mikangte khut thuak minthang masa pen Pu Thuam Thawng leh a tapa Tg. Pau Dal, Pu Kai Tuah leh Pu Khai Kamte hi a, 1898 kuma Mikangte phualpi Thuamvum (Kennedy peak/ Fort White) a simna uh pan Mikang galkapte in man in, Pu Thuam Thawng leh tapa Pau Dal pen Kendat thongah puak uh a, hih thongah a pata-un si uh hi. Pu Kai Tuah leh Pu Khai Kam pen khantawn gotna kipia a, Pu Kai Tuah pen Myingyan thongah, Pu Khai Kam pen Andaman tuikulh (Island) pekah puak uh hi.


Leitung Galpi Khatna bei kuan 1917 kum ciangin Mikang kumpi in France gamah van nawn dingin Zomi galkap kaikhawmin innkuan khat pan pasal kum 20 tung siah khat ta tangkaih uh hi. France gam pen gamlapi leh theih ngei loh gam hi a, galgam ahih manin sih khitna dingin ngaihsunin Zomite kuamah ut loin langpang uh hi. Hih taka a makaipi Pu Ngul Bul pen Mikang ten mat bek tawh lungkim loin thatin, a luang pen a nennenin semin Tedim uksung inn simah hawmin Zomite vauna in zang uh hi. Hih bangin Mikangte in hong vau uh hangin phatuam tuan lo ahih manin a tawpna ciangin France gam paite pen kuli leh leisiah peng (h) dingin a zolbawl uh ciangin ngah zo pan hi. Hih France paite CHIN LABOUR CORPS kivawh a, Tedim gam pan mi 1000, Falam gam pan mi 500 leh Lusei gam pan mi 2000 pai hi. Hih Zo galkapte in France gam panin Pu Song Theu, Pu Kam Za Mang, Pu Khual Khen Thangte makaihna tawh buaina bawlbawl uh ahih manin Mikang kumpi in cihna ding thei loin 1918 kumin Zogamah puak kik uh hi.

France gam paite Zogam hong tun kik uh ciangin mi tampi tak mel muh ding om loin galgamah si uh ahih manin Zomite in Mikangte huatna nasia tektekin a koi a koi-ah Mikangte langpanna laang seemseem hi. Tua hangin Mikang kumpi in buaina phelhna dingin Ukpite leh hausate thuneihna piak behlapin mipite ukcipsak hi. Tua banga Mikangte ukna Zomi kithuaklah lua ahih manin lungkim lohna tawh 1932 kumin Falam khua-a Mikang thuneite kiangah Pu Suang Khaw Kam leh Pu Lian Mang makaihna tawh kiko hi. Bangmah phattuamna om lo ahih manin Magwe DC kiang manawh leuleu uh a, lawhcinna bangmah om tuan lo hi. Tua lai tak 1938 kumin makaipi Pu Suang Khaw Kam pen Magwe khuapi-ah hong si sawnsawn hi. Hih sihna pen gul tuk hang hi, a kicih pong hangin suamlup mah hi dingin kingaihsun veve hi. A luang Zogamah lak ding vai natawmah nakpi takin buaina piang lai hi.

Zogam sim lamah zong Mikangte huatna laang mahmah a, Mindat lam mi Vuamtu Mawng in zong Mikang galkap sungah Sabedar za a ngah kum 1925 in Mikangte lehdo dingin galkap pan taikhia in, kum 1928, February 20 ni-in CHIN NATIONAL UNION (CNU) pawl a makaihna tawh phut hi. CNU in 1933 kumin Rangoon-a Mikang kumpi tungah Zogamah Zo mite thuneihna a ngah kikna ding leh, Kawlgam in suahtakna a ngah cianga Zogam in zong a ngah pahna dingin deihna leh ngetna tun hi. Hih ngetnate Mikang kumpi in don cih thadah 1939 kumin CNU makaipi mi kuate baan mat zawsop in, Zogamah Japante hong khan 1942 kum dong thong sungah khumcip uh hi.


1942 kuma Leitung Galpi Nihna in Zogam hong phak ciangin Mikang kumpi in Japan gal a nang dingin Zomite kaikhawmin CHIN LEVY phuan hi. Ahi zongin Pu Pum Za Mang leh Pu Za Biakte in Japante tawh kizawl a, Mikangte ki-umkhia leh Zogam in suahtakna a ngah ding lametin Kawl makaite leh Japan galkapte tawh kizopna bawl uh a, Japante makaihna tawh Mikangte do dingin CHIN DEFENCE ARMY (CDA) galkap phuan uh hi. Ahi zongin, Japan ten Zogam hong op ciangin suahtakna hong piak sangsikin Zomite tungah Mikangte sangin hong tatsia zaw uh a, kithuaklah zaw seem hi. Tua ahih manin Mikangte hi ta leh, Japante hi ta leh a do dingin Pu Thawng Cin Thang, Pu Hau Za Lian leh Pu Lian Cin Thangte makaihna tawh SUKTE INDEPENDENT ARMY (SIA) kiphut biangbuang hi. SIA pen hih sawng maha a kiphut SIHZANG INDEPENDENT ARMY (SIA) tawh pangkhawm hi. SIA in kum 1944, June kha in CDA phualpi Kaptel khua sim uh a, CDA-te a vekin hing mat khin uh hi. Kum 1944, September 11 ni-in Meitei gun kantanin Mualbeem khua sim leuleu-in CDA makai Pu Za Biak natawm man uh hi.

Hih sawng mah, 1944 kumin Pu Vum Khaw Hau makaihna zong tawh CHIN LEADERS FREEDOM LEAGUE (CLFL) pawl a sim a thamin kiphut hi. Tua banga Japante zawna Mikangte do huan a kisawm lai takin, Zomi makaite in Japante tatsiatzia za nunawh uh ahih manin lang khat lamah Japan na'nna dingin FREE CHIN MOVEMENT (FCM) pawl 1944 kum mahin a sim a thamin phut kik saisai uh a, FCM pawl in a sawt loin CHIN INDEPENDENCE ARMY (CIA) ci-in a pawlin khel kik uh hi. Hih bangin kipawlna phutin lang khat lang khatah Mikang leh Japan gal nangin a ciangciang pan hih hun laia Zomite om khong man lo uh hi.

Zogamah Japante doin a kipan lai takin, Imphal kidona-ah Japan in Mikangte lel kik ahih manin 1945 kumin Mikang ten Zogam hong luak leuleu hi. Tua banga Mikangte hong lut kik ciangin tuma Mikangte a langpang ngei Zomi tampi takin mat leh bawlsiat thuakin, SIA makai Pu Lian Cin Thang zong Kawlgam in a suahtakna a ngah (1948) ciangin thong sung pan kikhah kik pan hi.

Leitung galpi nihna hong veng(h) ciangin Mikangte hawlkhiatna ding leh Zogam suahtakna dingin mipi tha tawh panlak kul cih phawk uh ahih manin mipite a pattah dingin political party kisam sa uh hi. Tua ahih manin 1946 kum laizang pawlin Tedim khuapi-a Pu Lang Khaw Thangte innah Pu Thang Khaw Kai, Pu Song Theu, Pu Thang Za Kai leh Pu Lang Khaw Thangte makaihna tawh KHAMTUNG SUAHTAK VAIHAWM PAWLPI (KSVP) kiphuankhia hi. Hih hun sawng teng mahin Tedim khuapi mahah Pu Vungh Za Kham, Pu Hau Za Lian leh Pu Tuah Langte makaihna tawh THUHOIH VAIHAWM PAWLPI (THVP) kiphuan lai hi.

Hun hong pai to zelin, Zogam suahtakna dingin 1948 kumin Capt. Mang Tung Nung in CHIN PEOPLE'S FREEDOM LEAGUE (CPFL) pawl hong phut a, CPFL pawl pen kum sawm khit 1957 kum ciangin CNU tawh kigawmin CHIN NATIONAL ORGANISATION (CNO) pawl cih min hong pua in, Capt. Mang Tung Nung mahin President lenin makaih hi.

Lushai gam lamah 1947 kuma hong piang Lushai Hills-a political party masa pen MIZO UNION in zong Zogam suahtakna ding leh Zo minam teng kigawmna ding mah lunggulhna thu His Majesty's Government of India kiangah memorandum na khia uh hi.


1960 kumin Lamka khuapi panin Pu T. Go Khen Pau leh Pu S. Vung Khomte makaihna tawh PAITE NATIONAL COUNCIL (PNC) in kum 1960, May 30 ni-in India Prime Minister Pu Pandit Jawaharal Nehru kiangah 'Re-unification of Chin People of India and Burma under one country' cih thulu zangin Zo minam khempeuh ading District hiam, Division hiam, Region hiam khat bawlsak a, tua sungah gawmkhawm dingin ngetna memorandum thupi mahmah khia uh hi.


1964 kumin Kawlgam thuneihna Gen. Ne Win in la a, parliament a phiatna hanga lungkim lohna leh mipite kiangah thuneihna ap kikna ding hanciamna tawh MP pawlkhat leh Zomi mitei pawl khat ten ANTI-COMMUNIST FREEDOM ORGANISATION (ACFO) pawl hong phut uh a, Col. Son Khaw Pau, Pu Dam Khaw Hau, Pu Mang Khan Pau, Pu Hrang Nawl, Pu Son Cin Lian leh Pu Tual Zen ten makaih hi. ACFO pawl pen Manipur-a Zomi makai Tun Khaw Pum tawh kikopin, amau makaihna tawh Zomi 30 taang ding ten galsiam sin dingin East Pakistan (tu-a Bangladesh) gam zuan uh a, Zo Kumpi- UNITED CHIN GOVERNMENT pawl phuan uh hi. Pu Tun Khaw Pum pen Prime Minister, Pu Col. Son Khaw Pau pen Defence Minister, Pu Hrang Nawl pen Foreign Minister cih bangin panmun kiguan uh hi.

Galsiam a sin khit uh ciangin, Zogam kap dingin galvan namkim tawh hong kileh kik uh a, khen nih kisuahin, Pu Hrang Nawl makaih galkap mi 86 ten Halkha leh Falam lam nawkin, Pu Tual Zen, Commandar-in-Chief makaih galkap mi 700 ten Tedim lam zuan uh hi. Pu Hrang Nawl makaih lam ten Kawl galkap platoon khat omna Rihkhawdar khua ciang baih takin buluh zo a, Halkha khua la man loin nungkik kik uh hi. Pu Tual Zen makaih lamte zong Kawl galkapte tawh Tedim leh Mualbeem khua kikalah nakpi takin kikap uh a, Tedim khua la man mahin kidok kik uh hi. Hih banga a kihep kikna uh khat pen Falam DC Pu Thawng Cin Thang' hanciamna hang zong hi kawm hi.


Hih banga UCG pawl pen gamtaangin thahat man hi napi, 1969 kuma India Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shashtri leh Gen. Ne Win ten Rangoon-ah kihona nei uh a, tua takah India leh Burma gamgi dungah buaina a bawl leh bawl a sawm peuhpeuh kimatsak a, a gam kumpi tungah ki-aptuahna ding kilemna thukhun bawl uh hi. Hih thukhun hangin Zomite minam nasepna bin lawh a,a sawt loin India kumpi in Zo galkap makai Col. Son Khaw Pau, Pu Hrang Nawl, Pu Dam Khaw Hau, Pu Ro Thangte leh midang pawlkhat man takpi-in Kawlgam kumpi tungah ap hi. Kawl kumpi in hih Zo minam makaite thong sungah khumin kum nga tek kia uh ahih manin UCG pen gamtang thei nawn loin omcip hi.

MP lui Pu John Mang Tling leh nam it Zomi khangno pawlkhat ten Kawlgam Prime Minister lui U Nu pawl PARLIAMENT DEMOCRACY PARTY (PDP) zom dingin kum 1969, December 30 ni-in Bangkok zuan uh hi. Ahi zongin Bangkok a tun uh ciangin Pu William Sa Lian Zam, Pu Micheal Mang Kham leh Pu John Mang Tlingte makaihna tawh Zomite in CHIN DEMOCRACY PARTY (CDP) pawl phuh zawk ding hoihsa uh hi. Kum 1970, Febraury 20 ni-in Bangkok mahah CDP leh Pu Jimmy makaih ZOMI CHIN LIBERATION FRONT (ZCLF) pawl tawh kihona bawl leuleu uh a, tua takah CDP leh ZCLF lawng khata gin ding deihin UNITED ZOMI DEMOCRACY PARTY (UZDP) pawl phutin, tua sungah kisungkhawm uh hi. Ahi zongin, February 25 ni-in UZDP President Pu Jimmy a panmun pan tawp themthum kik ahih manin CDP mi leh sate in CHIN DEMOCRACY PARTY (CDP) min mah pua kik uh hi. Kum 1972, August 24 ni-in CDP in galkap dingin CHIN INDEPENDENT ARMY (CIA) bawl hi.

Hihmah leh, kum 1973, January 29 ni-in PDP President U NU a panmun pan tawp dih laizang a, tua hangin CDP innkuan sungah lungkiatna nakpi takin tung hi. CIA galkap natawm mi 150 pan mi 100-ah kiam sukin bah lawh gawp hi. Kum 1976, February 18 ni-in PDP pawl na tawm kiphiat lai sawnsawn hi.

Kum 1976, January 14 ni-in CDP Leh CIA ten CIA galkapte Zogam lutsak ding geelna bawl uh a, tua vaihawmna-ah a nuaia bangin khensatna bawl uh hi.

1. CHIN INDEPENDENT ARMY pen CHIN NATIONAL ARMY (CNA) ci-a khek ding.
2. Zogam hawhna ding KACHIN INDEPENDENT ORGANISATION (KIO) pawlte
kiangah huhna nget ding.
3. Zogam paite a zaa (rank) uh a zah-thum teka khan ding.
4. Zogam a tun uh ciangin ARAKAN INDEPENDENT ARTY (AIP)
Pawl makai Khai Mu Lin kiangah neek leh taak panpihna nget ding.

A tunga khensatna bulphuhin kum 1976, December kha in William Sa Lian Zam makaih CNA galkap mi 120 in a kiphualna uh Menapalaw nusia-in Shan gam leh Kachin gam tawnin kum 1977 tuuk guah tun lai takin Zogam lut uh hi. Tua lai takin Zogamah khua sia mahmah ahih manin khawhun thuaklahin cinat lawh ngeingai uh a, cimawh mahmah uh hi. Tedim uksung Phunom khua-ah a om lai takun, neek leh taak kaikhawma Thuklai khua-ah a pai mite tung panin Kawl kumpi thuneite in CNA-te om thu za hi. Kawlgam galkapte hong tung pah uh ahih manin Phunom leh Saizang khua kikalah nakpi takin kikap niloh pah uh hi. Khua hun thuaklahna, neek leh taak kiciat lohna, zatui zaha taangsapnate hangin Zo galkapte sawt pang zo loin Vangteh khua-a Mah-Sah-Lah (Burma Socialist Programme Party) thuneite kiangah mi 20 ki-surendar uh a, ahi zongin Kawl galkap makai Bo Lah Twin' sawlna tawh Bo Mawng Aye in lainatna nei het loin lam laizangah gualin a baan a baanin kaplum veve hi. A nung cianga a ki-sunrender mi 40-te zong tuamah bangin Kawl galkap ten hawi tuan loin kaplum khin uh hi. Mi 46 Kalemyo Jail-ah kipuak a, mi 4 nasia takin liam hi. Hih bang teng tawh CNA mabaan zop lohin om suak hi.

MIZO NATIONAL FRONT (MNF) pawl hong kiphut leuleu-in President Pu Laldenga makaihna tawh India, Burma leh Bangladesh cih gam thuma Zo minamte luah leitang teng gawmkhawm na'ng leh suahtak na'ng mah suangin hong kipan leuleu uh hi. Kum 1963, December kha in Laldenga, Lalnunmawia leh Sainghakate East Pakistan (tu-a Bangladesh) ah lutin a sim a thamin UNDERGROUND MIZO GOVERNMENT (UMG) pawl phut uh hi.

Kum 1966, March 1 ni-in MNF in Independent pulakna bawlin, tua panin India kumpawh kikap kipanin, India gamah om thei lo uh ahih manin East Pakistan zuan uh hi.Kum 1971 kuma Bangladesh in suahtakna hong ngah tak ciangin East Pakistan-ah MNF ten om khuan nei nawn lo uh a, India leh Arakan gam kilak teng manawhin kikhin leuleu uh hi.

h sawngin MNF pang belin ZOMI LIBERATION FRONT (ZLF) pawl zong dingin Pu Tial Khal (President), Pu Thawm Luai (Vice President) leh Pu Thawng Sai(ForeignSecretary) ten maikaih hi. 1972 kumin MNF leh ZLF thukimna tawh Pu Lalnunmawia pen India kumpite hopih dingin kisawl a, Pu Tial Khal leh Pu Sui Lingte pen Pu Brengseng (L), Finance Secretary, KACHIN INDEPENDENT ORGANISATION (KIO) heel dingin kuan uh hi. Hun sawtpi khit ciangin KIO-te thupha tawh lawhcing taka hong kileh kik uh a, ahih hangin ZLF in vai tuamtuam hang tawh mabaan zom thei loin om uh hi. MNF in kum 20 sung Independent a thapaihpih khit ciangin 1986 kumin India kumpi tawh kilemna hong bawlin Mizoram pen State suaksakin tawlngak bawl uh hi.

CHIN NATIONAL FRONT (CNF): Hun hong pai to zelin, Pu Tial Khal makaihna mahin ZLF makai lui teng kum 1988, March 15 ni-in Aizawl, Chaltlang vengah kimuhkhopna khat bawlna leuleu uh a, pawlmin kheka CHIN NATIONAL FRONT (CNF) phuh ding vaihawm leuleu uh hi. Pu Tial Khal in President panmun mah len leuleu in, Gen.Secretary dingin Pu Mang Khum, Finance Secretary dingin Pu Lian No Thang, Chief of Staff dingin Pu Roenga, Organiser dingin Pu Mang Uk kiseh hi.

Kum 1988, March leh August kha sunga Democracy deihna hanga Kawlgam buaina hangin Zomi khangno tampi tak Kawlgam panin India gamah tai uh a, India kumpi in Saiha leh Champhai-ah refugee camp nih bawlsak hi. Hih refugee camp a tung khangnote in BURMA DEMOCRACY FRONT (WESTERN) pawl phut uh a, sawt ding man loin CNF makaite tawh kihona hong neih uh ciangin BDF pen phiat kik pahin, CNF sungah kum 1989, January kha in kisungkhawm uh hi.

1988 kum mah, November kha sunga CNF kikhopna-ah Pu No Than Kap alias John Khaw Kim Thang pen Thailand gamgi-a om KAREN NATIONAL UNION (KNU) Headquarter Manepalaw-ah National Democratic Front (NDF) kizopna bawl dingin paisak uh hi. KNU-te phualpi pan hong kileh kik ciangin Pu No Than Kap in Pu Tial Khal kiangah CNF President hihna awn dingin ngen a, Pu Tial Khal in zong awnin Pu No Than Kap in CNF President panmun len to hi.

CNF mi leh sate galkap training dingin kum 1989, March kha in pawl khat Kachin gama KIO-te kiang mah manawh uh a, kum 1989, November kha in pawl khat Bangladesh gam zuan uh hi. Tua panin gam leh minam suantakna dinga galtum CHIN NATIONAL ARMY (CNA) pawl hong piang leuleu-in, hihte pen tudong SANGNAUPANGTE a ci zong om hi.


1989, October kha-a CNF sungah Pu No Than Kap pawl leh Pu Tial Khal pawl ci-in kikaihna hong piangin, Pu Tial Khal lamte pialkhia-in pawlmin tuamtuam pua uh a, tua lakah a gentaak pen CHIN LIBERATION COUNCIL (CLC) hi-in, hun sawtpi mah kalsuan uh hi. A nung ciangin CLC President panmun pan Pu Tial Khal tawp leuleu-in, Pu Ro Za Thang in President panmun zom to hi.

Kum 1991, December 9 ni-in CNF President Pu No Than Kap pen nawngkai kisa ahih manin CNF sung pan kiheemkhia in, a munah Pu Roger F. Biak Lian Thang kikoihin, CNF President panmun len to hi. Kum 1995, February 22 ni-a Pu Roger F. Biak Lian Thang in a cidam lohna paulamin CNF President panmun nusia leuleu in, tua panin tudong CNF President panmun pen Pu Thomas Thang No in leen to suak lai hi.
1997, June 9-16 sungin a nih veina CNF Party Conference kibawl a, tua takah CNF makai dingin a nuaia teng kiteelkhia hi:
Chairman : Thomas Thang No
Vice Chairman : Zing Cung
General Secretary : Benjamin Turing
Joint General Secretary : Khua Uk Lian
Member-te
Dr. Sui Khar
Capt. Thang Zen
Capt. That Ci
Lt. Ral Hnin
Lt. Paul Smith
Lt. Malsawmlian
Lt. Solomon
Lt. Sunny Ngun Awi
Lt. Kam Do Dal
Lt. Uk Lian Thang and
Salai Chan Hmung cih teng hi.
ZOMI RE-UNIFICATION ORGANISATION (ZRO): Zo minamte kigawmna ding leh suahtakna dinga mala dingin kum 1993, April 9 ni-in Kachin gam, Phupian khua-ah pawl khat hong piang leuleu a, tua pen ZOMI REUNIFICATION ORGANISATION (ZRO) hi in, Assam gam, Karbi Anglong khawka MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly) a seem ngei Pu Khai Za Song Guite alias K.Guite in President panmun lenin, makaih hi.

1997, July kha in Yangon khuapi-ah University kah Zomi khangnote in I gam leh I minam suahtak nadingin sisan leh nuntakna piakkhiat ding lungkimna tawh Zomi Siamsin khangno 20 val in "Zoheisa Unit" ci-in sisan tawh kiciamin phut uh a, ZRO tawh kizoma na sepkhop ding lungkimna neih khit zawh ciangin Yangon khuapi pan sangnaupang mi 12, Tedim pan mi 10 val khawng in Lamka lam zuan uh a, ZRO sungah lutin panmun tuamtuam lenin tu dong kalsuan lai uh hi.

Pu Khai Za Song Guite zawh ciangin Kawlgam galkap mangpi Lt. Col. Hang Khaw Lian (Capt. Mang Tung Nung' tapa) in ZRO President panmun tawm vei len pak cih loh, 1997 kuma Manipur Zomi leh Kuki buai panin ZRO Gen. Secretary Pu Thang Lian Pau (Tonzang MP) pen emergency-in ZRO President panmun kilensak a, tua panin tu dong kip suak lai hi. Tu lai taka ZRO makaite pen a nuaia bang ahi hi.

President : Pu Thang Lian Pau, MP (ZNC)
Vice President : Hang Sian Thang
Chief Secretary : D. Kam Suan Thang
Finance Secy. : Kenneth Muana
Denfence Secy. : D. Kam Suan Thang
Home Secy. : L. Kam Za Thang
External Secy. : Thang Suan Mang
I & PR Secy. : Gin Pian Khup
Treasurer : SB Vum Lian Thang
Patron : Pu Khai Za Song Guite cih teng hi.

ZO RE-UNIFICATION ORGANISATION (ZORO): Zo minam bup kigawmna ding, suahtakna ding lunggulhna mah tawh kum 1988, May 19-21 sungin Champhai khua-ah FIRST WORLD ZOMI CONVENTION ON RE-UNIFICATION khawmpi kibawlin, Kawlgam, Manipur, Mizoram leh mun tuamtuam pan mi tul tampi in siim hi. Hih khawmpi panin Zo minam bup kipawlna ding ZOMI RE-UNIFICATION ORGANISATION (ZORO) hong piang hi. Hih khawmpi leh kipawlna vai a hawm leh a thusapite pen 1972, January 21 nia Manipur, Daizang khua-a kiphuh, Pu T. Gougin leh Pu S. Thang Khan Gin ngaihte-te makaih ZOMI NATIONAL CONGRESS (ZNC) party leh Mizoramah a diakin Pu Brig. Thenphunga Sailo makaih PEOPLE'S CONFERENCE (PC) party ahihi.

1991 kum panin ZORO pen political party tawh kisawh nawn lo dingin kiheemkhia a, tua panin Leitung mun tuamtuamah leh UN Secretary General kiang khawngah Zo minam bup kigawmna ding, suahtakna ding deihna Memorandum khia kawikawi hi. 1999 kumin a khat veina dingin Geneva-ah UN vaihawm minam nautangte khawmpi-ah kihelin, ZORO min tawh 'British in a khenzaak Zo minamte kumpi khat nuai-ah gawmkhawm kik' cih thulu zangin thugenna hun ngah hi. Tua panin hih bang lamsang kikhopna tuamtuamte-ah thugenna nei dingin UN (WGIP) in ZORO cial thei zel a, tukum July - August kha in zong Geneva-ah UN vaihawm Meeting-ah va kah leuleu uh hi. Tua bek tham loin, Committee tuamtuam Asia level Kathmandu (Nepal), Seol (Korea) leh Leitung level Durban (South Africa) cihte-ah zong kihel to zel lai hi. Tulai takin ZORO pen Pu R. Thangmawia (Chairman) leh Pu Ro Za Thangte (Secretary General) makaihna tawh kalsuanin, Aizawl khuapi pen a phualpi-in zang hi.

Hun beisa leh tulai taka I minam nuntakna dinga pute pate' nasepte khangthak Zomite in I phawk ding deihna leh hih thute I pau I lai tawh ciapteh ding lunggulhna in 'Zomite minam nasepna taangthu' a tomin kong kaikhawm ahi hi. I pau I laite I it bawl kei leh mailamah gam I nei zongin I pau I lai kizang lo kha thei ding hi. A khawsuak minam leh a suakta gam phuh zaha nasep haksa leh thupi zaw dang om lo hi. Hih thute panin khangthak Zomite in I minam nuntakna dingin a nasia zawa nasep a kisapzia phawkna in zang ni.


(Hih Zomite Minam Nasepna Taangthu cih pen Zomi Nam Ni Golden Jubilee pawi,
February 20, 1998 nia Mizoram, Champhai khua-a bawlna-ah ka simkhiat pen behlapin kong puak ahi hi - 
J. Thang Lian Pau , editor Zolawkta)

Pupa Ngeina Zukholh

Pupa Ngeina Zukholh

Kawl huzaap Zomi te'n Pawi acih pen India lam Zomi te'n Lawm ci uh hi. Ahih hangin hite pen Zopau hilo hi. Zopau iin Ai kicizaw hi. Mimza ai, taangza ai, asamat ai, BA ai, kici hi. Ahih hangin Lawki-hunlai gal-ai , sa-ai cihpen zupi nungin dawibiak ngeina tawh na kizomlua ahihman, ai cihpen lawkivai-lua kisa kha ding hi. Zomite in gualzawhna leh matutna khatpeuh a om ciangin kipahtawi uh hi. Kasangnaupan lai-in kapa in lai ka-on simin aktawh hong aihsak tawntung hi. Innkuan iin kilungkim mahmah hi. Kalai onman kei aklu hong nesak hi. Thuneuno abat hangin hanciamnopna hong khangsak hi. Nu leh pa hong pahtawina pen ki-angtanpih mahmah hi. Ka uu pen saben uuk ahih ciangin lailam haatlo hi. Ahih hangin vakhu khat amat pen kapa'n aklui khat tawh aihsak hi. Vakhu pen khuttum-cia phalo hi. A aihna aklui pen innkuanmeh cing hi. Tua bang kipahtawina in lungsim cidamsak hi. Pute Tuukzuu Kholh Zomi lawkite in tuuktung masa anpalte zuu in sa uh hi. Puute zuu khol uh hi. Zucil kaimasa pen a puupi suah uh hi. Apuu in la-in mawkneeklo hi. A tute cidamna ding leh mimza tangza lazo ding, sumnu sumpa lamzawhna dingin thupha ngetsak uh hi. Zomi te ngeina-ah numeite in pianna nulehpa vakna ding thu ngahlo hi. Go leh gam kitomsak lo hi. Ahih hangin numei nualam pen kipuapaih tuanlo hi. Naupangte in puute zahtakpiakna leh pahtawina itna lahna ding ngeina hoihmahmah nabawl zel hi. Puute tuukzu-kholh pen numeilam pahtawina ahi hi. Puute leh lamphung kineekzolo cih paunak nei uh hi. Tua pen naupangte in nulam ahi puute pen simmawh loh ding deihna hi. Lungsim sungah ngeina kipmahmah aguansak ahi hi. Puute simmawhte damlo hi. Nuamsa lo hi. cin umsak hi. Gilsung damlote in gau-an la ci'n puute kiangah ankhing vasiim uh hi. A tute tungah khasia leh, napu ngoidok hing bang hang hong hici bawl na hiam? cithei uh hi. Ngoidok cihpen gilnathei cihna ahi hi. Tua ahih ciangin damlohna thu khatpeuh a omleh puute kiang taailoh phamawh ahihmanin puute kizahtak hi. Ki -iit mahmah hi. Thupha ngahna-naak ahi hi. Tanu-mokhak khempeuh kiciamkholin, a zu-kholhni kibangsak uh hi. Lawki-hunin omkhawlna munah aneek uh zuu hipen hi. Anlim sangin zuu pen thupiseh zaw uh hi.Puute pahtawina la vive sa uh hi. a. Kei kapuu te sen a kapuu te ningzuu bang khum thei naleng nuampeng phuhsak vang e b. Nuampeng phuhsak vang heisa bang paal thei naleng kapal losak vang e. a. Bualna ngei nuam bualna ngei nuam e, puvon siangsung bualna ngei nuam e, b. Laamna ngeinuam laamna ngei nuam e, puvon pahtang laamna ngei nuam e. a. Tualnuam e tualnuam e puute sumtual tualtung tualnuam e b. Gam nuam e gam nuam e pupa gamzang gamnem gamnuam e a. Pupa gamzang tangzang khat a, tangkhat suan zong simtheihloh piang e b. Tang khat suan zong simtheihloh piang a bangaa sunglawh bang kasam hiam aw. a. Theisen puvon ngalliam bel aw tusuanmel haihkha na cia. b. Gual sang tongdam neem zaw ding a, aduang mel hoih ding aw e. Dawhdan saknung leh dawhdan khangnung dimin zubeel kigual hi. Zubeel khat mikhat in tutpih hi. Sak leh khang abul leh adawn kidawngin lasa ziahziah hi. Pasalnote kikhelin alai-ah tawnsak keukeu hi. Khuangtumpan akhuang saankeuhkeuh iin hong tawp ciangin, suai..suai..suai suai cin, a tangtawnpa kai-in zuu teepsak hi. A puute a itmanin tawn(laam) hi ci'n pakta mahmah uh hi. Tuukzuu-akmat ci-in ak khattek namat uh hi.. Pawlkhat in sum mat uh hi. Pawlkhat in gangawh hi. Bang bang kimat taleh tukzu-akmat in sum tua zah hong pia ci uh hi. Tuhun Christian ten zong hih ngeina paikhia tuanlo hi. Zuu tangin cikhum bawngnawi peuh kikhol hi. Antak bungkhat bungnih vapuak thei hi. Pawlkhat in anlim-tuilim vaneekpih hi. Hih pen puute pahtawina pawi limci mahmah ahi hi.Ei Christian khangthak hunin zong puute pahtawina hunnuam limci-takin kibawl thei lel ding hi. NAU MIN PHUAK Nidanglai in naudom(midwife) kineilo hi. Numei nausuakte ki-ompih selo hi. Lokuan naseemlai khawng lukhumtawh tun in hong ciahthei hi. Lukhum mongteep hualin naulai hen hi. Heitang tutang peuhtawh naulai tan hi. Bangmah paulap omse lo hi. Pasian in theihna niamte nakpi takin hong donzaw hin ka-um hi. Unau pasal-4 leh numei-8 kapha uh-a, kum khat leh khagiat simin manmanin kanu nausuak den hi. Nau-suahhun atun ciangin patkhau ciptakin ahual khit ciangin gu alutlohna ding cin, khinking tawh zuut zawsop hi. Nau hong suak petmah hi. naulai pen temngilngolh khat la-in tan hi. Puantawh tunin lawhsungah asial khit ciangin anungzui ngakin baallei ek-awng gei-ah tawlkhat hong tu hi. Anungzui hong paikhia aa, sisan honpitawh hong tolkhia lialua hi. Sisantui teng awngvangah anilkhiat khit ciangin, tu khat la in, phaitamah anungzui(alamh) pen amahman vaphuum lel khong hi. Naumel kimuh khit ciang a thupipen minvawh ding ahi hi. Zomite in naumin deih peuhpeuh kiphuaklo hi. Pasallam leh numeilam kalhelhin kihawmsak ngiat hi. Khangsuutna in kinei hi. Anu apa in amaudeih bang min pialo hi. Naumin tangte kingak aa, amau deih thukimpih keileh kikhasia hi. Sukte vangphatlai in minngei lua kiphuak ngamlo hi. A phuak omleh, ademin koih ngiau ahihman, minngeih kiphuaklo hi. Naumin tangte ngakna-lamin nipi kalkhat sung bang min neilo iin omthei khong hi. Naumin phuahni ciangin, naumin tangte in vok, ak aneihsunsun hong kengin kine hi. Bangkua sunga khangham pen in, tuiphihin min-aapna kinei hi.Naumin-phuahna akgawh en in, naungek mavak ding leh mavakloh ding genkhol thei uh hi. Tuiphih apaileh ih nau cidam ding akhansung nuamsa ding hi, ci'n hilhkhol thei hi. Khangluite in naumin aphuah ciangin, abeisa hun-a a puu apate khan kilangsak hi. Vung Dah Ciin acihleh aheh adahte hi, ci'n kimupah hi. Tuang Hau acihleh minuamsate ahi ve, kicithei pah hi. Nidangin Zomite pen Lia leh Taang tawh buai ngeilo uh hi.Min kilawh phetin numei hiam pasal hiam cih kitel pah hi. Numei-min leh pasal-min sawhpawi ngeilo uh hi. Gentehna in, pasal-min Thang Za Cin ahihleh numei-min ciangin Thang Za Cing ci se hi. Akhiatna kibangin numei leh pasal kikhen sinsen hi. Tua zong pilna thuk mahmah hi. Tun khangthak ten khensatzo lo in email sung khawng-a khuttum nakilah vauvau uh, amau olsa mahmah lel hi. Lawki ten tuiphih lohin naumin phuaklo hi. Christian ihih buangin biakinn mahah apngiatngiat leng lungkim huai pen hi. Naumin-phuak ni pen ni-thupi khat ahi hi. Khankhat iin khatvei bek kinei thei hi.Naumin phuakte in khuangleh zam tat iin gamlumnuam lualo hi. Kam kinial nuamlo hi. Naukha lau kici hi. Salu suanni leh naumin-phuahni gamlum kikhaam hi. Naungeek kilatin cina thei hi. Zong sithei hi. NAUCING GUAI Khangluite pen lungdam kithukzo petmah hi. Ekciang tung zong kiguai, cih paunak om hi.Ahoih khat asep thuneuno nangawn kipahtawi thei uh hi. Lungdam kikokik ngekngek hi. Ei kiangah childcare center omlo hi. Bangkuapi-nu pen naucingin kizang-a innlak sanggam teng in naukhahon uh hi. Naucingte pen kizahtak mahmah hi. Anlim tuilim amuhsunsun uh amau neektang in ciamsak hamtang hi. Tuk-anlaak mankhit ciangin, naucing guai uh hi. Naucing guaihna pen vok tukli nuai kigo ngeilo hi. Kum khat tawntung nau-anpia, azun a eek kisiak ahihman nakpi iin zahtak hi. Tangngansih leh voksahul kinesak hi. Tua ni ciangin zuu leh sa kidiah pikpeekin kivak beklo iin, khuang leh zam tatin zanhak thei uh hi. Khangluite thukhualna pen guicing mahmah kuitung mahmah hi. SAZAAM Japan-galma hunin saneek kisangkhaat mahmah hi. Sa-sai omlo hi. Dangka-tang ngahna haksa lua hi. Akpi khat matkhat in kilei hi. Minvawh khat neilo-in akno khat zong kigongam lo hi. Sumtawng-thoih ahihkeh huanthoih cihkhat in zang hamtang uh hi. Saneekna tawmlua ahihmanin lampi zong uh hi. Inn-4 inn-5 kipawlin banpai-in vok go uh hi. Tua pen sazaam kici hi. Vok pen bangcia go dingcih ciangtan uh hi. Pawlkhat in nekhawm hi. Pawlkhat in a kikimin sehhawm uh hi. Sa khamtakin ne uh ahihman sazaam pen ahihzote ki-eng mahmah hi. Hih kipawlna pen a cithei zawdeuhte aa hi. Meigong daipamte kihel zolo hi. TUKVAK. Tanghamkin kici ankung leh kiak kikimin a omlaitak lokhawh kikin mahmah hi. Lo-lel ahihman thacial uh hi. Kialhuntawh kituak sawnsawn hi. Thacialte kivaitut zolo ahihman, tuktun(akhawhsa-tun) ciang kivaakpan hi. Tuktun ciangin thacialte kaikhawm iin zuu leh sa akhamtakin neekpih hi. Thacial-vaak tawh kibangnawnlo hi. Pawibawl banglel ahihman nuamsa mahmah hi. Hih ngeinate pen dawibiakna tawh kisai hilo hi. Amau-hun tawh kituak nuntak khuasakzia ahi hi. Tua banga kikaihkhopnate pen a kingai tengmah ahi hi. Kikholhna tamleh kingaihna leh kiphawkna zong khangpah hi.

Thang Siangh

Lai Simbu pan Pau Sinbu-ah~Sia Khoi Lam Thang

1913 kum-in Zolai Simbu a nei hi hang ci-in tangthu-ah kiciamteh hi. 1925 kum ciangin Mikang kumpi in Zogam-ah Zolai tawh pilna sin theih dingin (Vernacular Education) vaihawm hi. Mission sang khempeuh phial kumpi sang suak-a, Zolai tawh tanli ciang pilna kisin hi. Leitung thu, Cidamna thu, Ganan a kipan theihhuai tuamtuam kisin hi. Kawlgam suahtak hun 1948-a kipan Kawllai tawh pilna sin ding hong ki-uangsak leeuleeu-a, Zolai hong hingkiam hi. Zolai Simbu nangawn a mangthang phialphial din’mun ahi hi. Minam sung pan pilna lam makaite leh a lunghimawh mimalte’ hanciamna tawh Zolai Simbu tan li ciang nei liailiai lai hi hang. Kumpi sang pan Zolai kisin lo seemseem-a, Pawlpite in khuakhal sangkhak sung-in hanciam-in i sin hi.

Zolai i gelh theih i simtheih hangin i zatna tangzai lo hi. Laikhak gelh nading, Biakinn-a labu et nading leh Lai Siangtho sim nading ciangciang bek hi tazen hi. Bang hanghiam cih leh i Zolai Simbu in Zo kampau sim thei ding, gelh thei ding (reading and writing) ciang bek ahi hi. Tua ban-ah, khangnote in Zolai tawm zat deuhdeuh uh-a, Zokam tawm pau seemseem uh hi.

Zolai Simbu tan li ciang i neih pen a bulpi hi-a, tua tungsiah sin beh nading nei nai lo hi hang. Ph. D pa zong Zolai tan li, mi dang khempeuh zong Zolai tan li bek mah i hi hi. Tua pen ahi mah ding ahi hi. Zolai tanli nangawn a siam lo kitamzaw ta ahih manin dipkuat huai hi. 10 ong zo lo-te zong Zolai-ah tan li mah hi lel hi hang.

Zolai leh Zopau i puah i zuun ding Zo tate’ maban ahi hi. Kampau it-in i kep leh ninam it-a ngeina keemte i hi ding hi. Khuang leh zam, puandum leh puan laisan, salu saki-te sangin kampau sungah ngeina kim zaw hi. Kep i sawm nak leh, kuamah’n hong guuksak thei lo hi. Mei in kang ngei lo ding-a, ui in hong neeksak ngei lo ding hi. Ei’n i lung hihmawh kei leh hong lung himawh ding midang om lo hi.

Hih thu a phawk kha makaite in 1980 kum-in ZCLS na phuan uh-a, Linguistic Research Seminar bawl uh hi. Thu kizakna lai dingin (Quarterly news) a min "Zolai Zuunna" phuak ngiat uh hi. 1994-in ZOLUS kiphuan-a, Zolai leh Zopau lapsaan’ nading ahi hi. Lungdam huai mahmah hi. Hih bang kipawlnate in mailam-ah hong thupi seemseem ding-a, a sepkhiat sunsunte uh minam mualsuang hong suak ding hi.

ZCLS-ah 2005 thu kikupna (consultation) pan-in Zolai Simbu tan 10 dong neih theih ding nakpi takin kikupna om hi. Tua thu-ah tulai minam a it Zokam leh Zopau a puah nuam khempeuh mapan’ khop kul ding hi. Zolai sim thei-a gelh thei ciang bek tawh lungkim lo ding hi hang. Zokam kilam zia i sin kul ding hi. Zokammal thupite lai-in gelhin laibu-in i kep kul ding hi. Khang thakte tungah i hilhsawn kul ding hi. I lunghihmawhsak kul ding hi.

Tua ahih manin i Zolai sinna "Zolai Simbu" pan Zopau sinna "Zopau Simbu" ah kal thak suan huai ta hi. Zo kampau kantelna "Zopau Simbu" sungah a nuai-a thulute a kisam bangin hel dingin kisam ka sa hi. Hih thulute a dawldawl-in khen-in minvawh lehang, tan 10 ciang tung lua mahmah ding hi. Research bawl-in, degree piak dongin vaihawm huai hi.

Hel Huai Thulute:

1. Laimung (consonant) neihzah leh a kizatna 2. Awphei (vowel) neihzah leh a kizatna 3. Kammal pian’ na’ng awmalte kigawm zia (syllable structure) 4. Awphei lamban (vowel assimilation) 5. Awsang leh awniam (tone) 6. Laigelh zia (orthography) 7. Kammal kikhelte (Word alternation) 8. Lakam 9. Kammal tomlaakte (contraction)

10. Paunakte 11. Tehpih kamte 12. Kam kopte 13. Kammal thukte 14. Telgen kam kopte 15. A dang tampi omlai …

Thukhupna

Hih bangin thulu kaikhawm lehang kizomzom lai ding hi. Hih bang thulute a khiilkhiil-in khaikhawm-in, Zopau sinna Lai Simbu-ah a tantan in koih diimdiam le’ng; Pawlpi ciat-ah hih thu tangko-in khangnote sinsak le’ng; Hih thu a vaihawm phungpi neiin, galsin theih dingin (correspondence) zong vaihawm leeng; A masa peen-in Zolai tan 10 ciang certificate bawl-in, mai lam-ah gam kiukna suahtak hun ciang University-te-ah Zolai subject khat a kisin thei ding textbook ciang a mansa-in koih dimdiam le’ng; cih ka sunmang ahi hi. Zolai simbu pan Zopau sinbu-ah galkah sawm dih ni.

[Hih lai, 07 JUL 05 THU ni-in kingah hi

Zogam leh Zomite’ Khan’toh Nading a Ngaihsut Huai Thu Pawlkhat

Zogam leh Zomite’ Khan’toh Nading a Ngaihsut Huai Thu Pawlkhat

Pu Thang Za Dal

Kei, hih lai at pa pen, Zogam ka muh lo zawh kum 40 bang pha ta phial ding ahih man in hih ka gelh thute tu hun tawh zong ki tuak nawn lo kha ding hi. Tua bang ahih leh zong n’ong theih siam nading-un hong thum masa nuam ing. Hih lai pen Planning Paper (Simankein bawlna lai) hi lo ahih man-in ngaihsut huai ka sak teng sung pan nam thum bek a tom theithei in k’ong gelh ding hi.

Tu ni dong i Zogam leh i minam khan’toh lohna a hang tampi omte lak-ah eimau ii i khuamuh loh man leh i bawl theih loh man-a i khan’toh lohna thu bulpi thum (3) tawm bek k’ong gelh ding hi. Tuate pen bang hiam cih leh: 1. I inn lam dan 2. I an neek leh i tui dawn dan 3. I singpuak, i lo khawhna-ah i vanh zatte

Hih a tung-a thu teng pen eimau’ thatang leh eimau’ theihna zah (know-how) ciangciang tawh a kibawl thei, a kilaih zo ding ahi hi. Hih teng hoih takin bawl thei lehang a manpha mahmah ahi i thatang, i hun, i sum leh i paai, i singkung i logam-te tampi tak a nuamtuam ding bek tham lo, i nun’taak dan zong tu-a i nun’taak sangin tampi tak nuamtuam zaw ding hi ci-in ka mu hi.

I. I Inn Lamm Dan

Ei Zomite in inn i lam ciangin Mikangte (Nitumna lam mite) ii inn lamm dan ngaihsutnate (architectural concepts) nei lo i hih manin inn a gol pipi, a zai pipi i lamm hi. Tua bang ih lammna a hang tuamtuamte lak-ah

(1) mi dangte dem nading

(2)nop ni, dah ni mi hong hawh, hong tutpihte tut na’ng, kihei na’ng mun a kicing tak, nuam tak-a a om theih na’ng

(3) tuk an, khal an i khawhasa ante i koih na’ng

(4) a kuamah peuh ta ki hau ciat ahih manin i tate lup na’ng leh om na’ng mun a kicing tak-a kisapna hang, leh

i vanh zat tuamtuam te i koih nading cih bang te ahi hi.

Hih a tung-a a kigelh a hang tuamtuamte ngaihsutna tawh i lam hi ta mah leh i inn pen gol em-am (ahih kei leh) zai mahmah bek-in a kicing tak in kizangh thei tuan khol lo hi.

Mikangte’n inn a lam uh ciangin gual leh lawmte dem nadiing-a kiphatsakna tawh a lamm a hih kei nak leh functionality a kici geelna tawh a lamm uh hi. Hih functionality ii a khiatna bulpi pen bang hiam cih leh i lamm ding inn ii a golna ahi zong in, a zaina ahi zongin, a niamna/a saan’na pan -a ki pan a inn sung-ah khan (room)-te deih dan pan -a kipan a kisam lian ding teng bek ngaihsutna tawh lamm uh ahih manin om nuam, zat nuam bek dom lo-in kicing mahmah hi. A inn lammna-ah a zat uh vanh te zong a tuan a vaal om lo-in a kisam zah leh a kisam ding lian teng bek zangh uh ahih manin sum leh paai ahi zongin, thagui thatang ahi zongin, a hunte a hi zongin a tuan a vaal bei lo hi. Tua ahih manin a inn uh a pua lam pan en le’ng neu bang ahih hangin a sung lam pen kicing thei mahmah hi.

Tua hi-in i Zogam sungah mai lam-ah inn i lamm ciangin i ngaihsut ding thu tawmno khat k’ong gen nuam hi. Tuate pen bang hiam cih leh:

1. I inn khum (roof) ding pen sikkang khawng man ham pipi-a i lei-a gamla pi pan i puak sang-in i Gamgai/Limkhai suangpeek cih bangte i pu i pate’ hun lai-a zat bang-in i zat kik na’ng;

2. Tua suangpeek omna tawh a kigamlaatna mun te-ah innkhum ding pen singpeek thuap thum thuap li baang pen oksuang (brick) cian dan-in zat ding/ahih kei leh suangpeek mawkmawk te zong kizangh thei. (Gentehnain Switzerland gam sung pan Swiss Italian-te’ teen’na Tessin Canton leh Italy gam saklam sung bang-ah hih bang suangpeek mawkmawk te nak zat mahmah uh hi).

3. Ih gam pen a diakdiak-in phalbi sung vot mahmah ahih manin i pang (wall), i sual (floor) leh ceiling cih bangte singpeek tawh thuap nih (double-layer) bangin hih le’ng a

pua lam pan a vot hong lut zo khol lo ding-a a lum ding-a i zat sing khuul-te tampi tak nuamtuam ding hi. Tua ban-ah tua singte kum sial-a a tom i numeite ii a man pha lua thatang leh hunte zong nakpi takin nuamtuam ding hi.

II.. I An Neeek leh I Tui Dawn Dan

Nisial phiall-a i neek Zo ante - gentehna: vaimiim, kaithum (kawlkai), cih bangte pen Mangbuh vui (wheat flour) a kibawl Mivomte/Mikangte’ an neek uh Rothi/Plata leh Pongmoh (bread) cih bang tuamtuamte tawh 50 % bang beek laih zo le’ng ut huai hi. Tua bek tham lo-in sa (meat) leh i an meh huan dante zong Sente (Chinese)-te’ huan dan tawh i laih ding kisam ta hi. Ei’n sa khawng an teh khawngte i huan teh nai 2 nai 3 bang i huan tazen hi. Sente’n sa hi ta leh anteh hi ta leh a huan/a kan uh teh minute 20/30 kaan huan/kang lo uh hi. Amau’ huan dan tawh a ki huan ante pen vitamin pan-a kipan i si leh i sa’ aadiing a kisam vitamin tuamtuamte zong bei mang lo hi.

III. Ih Singpuak, Ih Lokhawhna-ah I Vanh Zatte
I lo khawhna-ah i vanh zatte en le’ng i pu i pate’ hun lai tangtawng pek pan-a a kizangh den vanh teng bek mah i zangh lai mawk hi. Tua vanh tuamtuamte a zat nop zaw dingin i bawlpha tuam (improve) peuhmah kei hi. Gentehna-in: i kawltu zatte bang a kung tom mahmah ahih manin lo i khawh, khai i tuh ciangin i kuun den kul ahih manin lokuante a kawng uh na bek dom lo-in a hun manpha tampi zong a mawk beipih hi. Tua bang kawltu khawngte pen a kung sau sak lehang kuun kuul het lo-a din’ lam-a zong lo a kikho thei ding kimlai. Tua teh an cii i pawi ciangin ei’n i kawltu mah tawh i to-a i tuh hi. Siik ka zum 3 hiam 4 hiam om khat tawh mi khat in a din’ lam-in lei khawh henla a dang khat in anciite a nungzui-in phum leh. I an ciin’te lak-ah po lopa (grass)-te bot khiat nading zong ei’n i kawltu mah i zangh hi. Hih nitumna lam-a te’˜n siik kawi 3 hiam, 4 hiam a om kawltu khat tawh a din’ lam-in botkhia ziuuziau uh ahih manin a kawng lah na lo, a nasep ding teng lah man baih uh hi.



A tung-a ngaihsutna (idea) tuamtuamte zangh thei le’ng i hunte, i thatang te leh i sum i paaite mawk bei nawn lo ding hi.

Thukhupna:

A tung-a ngaihsut tuak/huai thute (food for thought) a lunglut a om leh i biakna lam pawlpi tuamtuamte’n makai-in vaihawm leh piang thei dingin ka um hi. Tua bangin wellorganized movement khat mah in a makaih kei leh (initiative a laak kei leh) mimal sial (individual) in pan thei lo/pan nuam lo kha ding hi.. Hih teng ban-ah i Zogam sung

khan’toh na’ng khat peuhpeuh i bawl nop hangin a kizangh thei ding a kikaikhawmsa statistics/data om peuhmah nai lo ahih manin Planning pen kibawl thei vet lo hi. Gentehna ci mai ni: Khua khat sungah mihing om zah - nupi/pasal kum 70 val bangzah om; kum 60-70 pha bangzah om; kum 50-60 pha bang zah om, etc.; meigong tagah bangzah om; lo leh inn neih bangzah om; khuamite a cidam siang sitset bangzah om; etc., etc. Hih bang data/statistics a kicing tak in i kaihkhop kei leh i gambup aading gen loh khua khat bek zong i lap toh na’ng haksa kha ding hi.

Thang Za Dal pen Lophei khua pan hi-in kum 60 pha ta hi. 1978 pan kipan Germany-ah om hi. A zi pen Shan-te hi-in tanu khat nei uh hi. A tanu in Zo min bek nei-in tu laitak Hamburg University-ah lai a sin laitak hi.

[Hih lai, 15 AUG 05 MON ni-in kingah hi.]

Kawl leh Zo Kilamdan’na~Dr Vum Son

Kawl leh Zo Kilamdan’na

Dr. Vum Son

Mungpi tawh ka ki ho leh, "Kawlte pen Zote sangin kal suan khat a masawn zawkna pen bang hang hiam?" hong ci hi.

Kawl leh Zo pen mipilte (Linguists, Anthropologists, Historians) in Tibeto-Burman minam-te sungah hong koih khawm uh hi. Tua pen thu dang hang hi lo, Kawl leh Zo pen a paute uh kinaai-in, a daan uh zong kinaai hi, ci hi. Tua bek tham lo-in hong paikhiatna pen kibang pian-a, tu laitak Sen (Chinese)-te ii uk Tibetan Plateau pan hong paikhiate hi, ci hi. Hun khat lai-in, Tibeto-Burman minamte pen mun khat-ah om khawm-in, pau namkhat zangh khawm dingin kingaih sun hi. Unau zong hi kha ngei ding hi, cih upna zong om hi.

Tua ahih leh bang hangin Kawlte pen masawnin om hiam cih, en ni. Zomite pen Kawlgamah Zeisu’ suah zawh khum zakhat, kumzanih (First or second century AD) sungah tu-a Chindwin gun kiang hong tung suk hi-in mipilte in mu uh hi. Kawlte pen kum zasagihzagiat zawh ciang (seventh to eighth century AD)-ah Kawlgam hong tung suk ding-in mipilte in mu hi. Tua hun-in pen Kawlte in Kawlgam sunga kum tampi a omsa Pyu mihingte tawh Kyaukse a cihna khawngah hong kimu uh hi.

Pyu te pen Kawlgam-ah sawtpi om ta ahih manin, Kawlgam zaangtamna-ah bangci lo kho cih na thei ta uh hi. (Wet cultivation buh ciin’na cih bang.) Mual leh uuam gam Tibet leh Salween, Mekong, Irrawaddy, Chindwin, Brahmaputra gunpi-te’ kipatna pan hong tuakkhia a hih hang Kawlte in Pyu-te’ pilna teng luah thei pah ahih ciang in, amau te kal khat a suan-in hong makai ta hi.

Tua bek hi lo-in, tu laitak-a Kawl galkapte gilo si e, i cih mah bangin, midang tawh a kipeh uh ciang gilo gawp-in Kawl te Kawlgam dry zone a tun’ khit sawt lo-in Pyu mihingte mangthang uh hi. Pawlkhat in tulaitak-a om Pao te pen Pyu-te hi-in, Kawlte a thuak lah hanga, mualtung-ah taito hi ci-in upna nei hi. Bangbangh hi leh Kawlte’ giitlohna hangin, Pyu-te bei manghi. Tua a hih kei leh Kawlte in zawhthawh thu tawh Kawlte suak hiam cih zong muan’mawhna om hi. Tua hang-in zong Kawlmi hong tam toto hi kha ding hi. Tua pen a ma suanna bulpi khat hi.


(Kawl te giitlohna pen Thailand-a Ayuthia kumpi khua a siat sakna, a bawlsiatna uh, Mon-te a khuapi Bago (Pegu) pan a mangthan’na uh, Arakan (Rakhaing) kumpi te a bawlsiatna uh, Assamte bang in, bangci-a hih bang-a gilo lawmlawm hiam, a cihna uh, Meitei (Manipur) kum sagih Kawlte ii uk hun pen Meiteite in seven years of devastation (kum sagih sung mi mon’sak na ) ci-in ciamteh-in, Kawlte pen i kidop kei leh mi gilo lamdangte hi cih theih-in ciapteh ding thupi hi.)

Zo mite pen tu laitak-a Monywa sak lam khawng teng-ah hong teeng to uh-a, tua-ah pen midang om lo ahih ciangin, mual sangpi Tibet plateau khawng, gun golpite’ kipat na mualsang tung-a a teen’ lai uh-a, lo khawhna teng zang gam hong tun’ uh ciang tua tengmah zangh uh ahih ciangin, khan’tohna na om khol lo uh hi. Zaanggam om zo hi napi, leisangna teng mah-ah lo kho nuam zaw-in Kawlgam sung hi ta leh Kawlgam sak lam mualtung (tu laitak-a i gam khawng-ah nuam na sa zaw mai uh ahihciangin, khangto lo-in i ngeina teng ngeina sak mawk uh hi.

Kawl te zaanggam ah om-in, mitam ta uh ahih ciangin, migilo, zuauthugen, leh mikheem pen tampi hong nei ta uh hi. Tua banga mihoihlote pen a kitheih ciangin, khuadangah paikhia-in mangthang thei hi. Tua hangin Kawlte in mi a theih ngeilo khat pen um thei nawn lo ahih manin, bangci-in hih leng mi kheem thei ding ka hiam, mi’ na te bangci-in, ngah thei ding ka hiam cih hakkat -na hong nei ahih uh ciang, mikheemna pen pilna golpi khat suaksak uh hi. Tua ahih ciangin Kawlte in mikehem hong siam-a, a mikheem theih ding mite hong mu thei uh. Tua pen Mangkangte pau (English)-in ci leeng Urban society, mitamna khuasungthu hong suak hi.

Zo mite pen khua neuneu sungah teengin, khua sungah kua teng teeng hiam, tua bek domlo in, beh leh phung vive ahih uh ciang, guta, zuauthu, mikheem cih te pen piangthei lo mai hi. Mun dangah taai ding ci leeng lah khua dangte zong a beh a phung vive na hi mai uh ahih ciangin, khuadang kibeel thei lo-in, mihoih lote mangthang thei lo-in, mihoihte bangin, a khua uh-ah a om kenkan uh kul mawk ahih ciang, Zo mite pen mikheem thei lo, thuman gente, i suak mawk. Tua pen English-in ci leeng Village Society ci-in, Zo mite’ village society hong suak hi.

Europe khawng, America khawng-ah i om ciangin, amau zongh Village Society na hi nwn lo-in Urban society na hi uh hi. Kidawm kei leeng hih mipil i cihte’ gam-ah, mi’ bawlsiat na i thuak ding lauhuai mahmah hi. Tua hangin zong Kawl mite in British-te Kawlgam-ah hong pai ciangin, kiho thei lo-in British-te’ colony (British-te’ sal) hong suahna uh zong tua hang hi. Asia sung-ah mipil deuhte Thai-te bang ci leeng, British-te tawh thu kiho thei ahih ciangin, British leh Francete in uk nuam taleh zong, uk zo lo-in, Thaite in, hoih takin, thukimna bawl thei hi. Kawlte pen Zo mite sang kal khat masuan ahih uh hang Thaite sang kal khat nung khak zaw leeuleeu cihna hi.

Tu laitak Kawlgam leh a kiangkap-a gamte en leeng, Kawlte pen mihai mahmah mihing ahih hun lam i mu hi.

Kawl i cih pen Sing Kho Khai laibu sungah zangtam mi te cihna hi ci-in at a hih manin Zo History ka at lai-in, ama’ at ka zui hi. Tu’n Bangladesh-ah ka pai ciang, Bangladesh-a Zo mite in Bengali-te Korka ci uh hi, hong ci hi. Kor or Kawr cih pen zadang neu cihna hi. Mualtung mi pen a zadang uh gol-in Bengalite a zadang uh neu cihna hi. Tua hang zongin, ei zong in "Kawl" ci-in a min uh pia kha i hi tam, ka ci hi.

[Hih lai, 11 MAY 05 WED ni-in kingah hi.]

Zolai leh Zolai Simbu

Zolai leh Zolai Simbu

Tg. Kaptawng

Miami, Florida, USA

Thupatna:

Zomite in ‘lai’ i neih zawh kum 100 sung bang pha ta hi. I teen’na mun le mual zuiin, Zopau le Zolai a thei nawn lo tampi tak om khin hi. Zaanggam teeng Zomite in Zopau a pau theih teei uh hangin, khangno tampi takin ‘la-kam’ le ‘paunak’-te thei nawn lo uh-a, Zolai a gelh thei lo zongh tampi tak om ta hi. I pau le i laite pau thei, gelh thei, sim thei bek ciang hi lo- in, bangci bang in hong piang khia hiam cih zongh i theih ding, le i tu i tate i hilh ding kisam hi. A diakdiak-in nampi lian lakah a teeng gamdang tung Zomite in Zopau kitam zaak nawn lo-in, Zolai tawh lai sim ding om lo hi. Tua ahih man-in i pau le i lai bangci dan-in hong piang hiam cih thei ciat le’ng ‘pau’ itna, le ‘lai’ itna i neih theih ciat nadingin, i pau le i lai bangci bangin hong piangkhia hiam cih i theih ciat ding deih huai masa hi.

I. ZOLAI PIAN’NA

A. Zo Tuallai

Tedim gam Lailui khua Pu Pau Cin Hau in Zogam ah a piang masa peenpeen (lai) "Lai-pian" or "Pau Cin Hau’ lai", kum 1896-98 sungin na bawl hi. Sen (Chinese)-te’ lai tawh kibang pian-in laimal khat teh kammal khat ta a suak laimal 1050 tawh Zo Tuallai na bawl hi. Tua lai pen tan 6 ciang sin dingin kibawl

hi. Kum 1913 ciangin Pau Cin Hau’ lai tawh Mualtung thu hilhna ki khen hi. Tu ni ciang dongin Pu Pau Cin Hau ii bawl ‘Tual-lai’ or ‘Lai-pian’ pen Laipian Pawlpi (Biakna) mite in zangh lai uh-a, a dang Zomite in zatpih nawn lo uh hi.

B. Zo Manglai

Zo Manglai i cih ciangin tu hun-a a ki zangh Roman Script (a, b, c, …) cihna ahi hi. 1894 kum in Mikang mi Surgeon Major A. E. G. Newland (Indian Medical Service-a a seem) in Haka lai na bawlsak masa hi. Tua khit Rev. A. E. Carson te nupa Haka hong tun’ ciangin a kibawlsa Haka lai puahsak hi. 1908 kum-in Rev. J. H. Cope-te nupa Haka hong tung masa-in, 1910 kum-in Tedim-ah kituah uh-a, a kibawlsa Zolai gelh dante kan- in, Zomite zattaang theih dingin Roman Script tawh Zolai hong bawlsak-a tu ni dong kizangh hi. Roman Script tawh hong bawlsak man-in, Zomite in a tuam-in siktawh lai khetna, computer cih te bawl kul nawn lo-in, email i gelh ciangin zongh i Zolai teekteek tawh kikhak thei i hih man-in hih zah a zat nuam ding Zolai hong bawlsak Cope Topa tungah a lungdam huai lam i phawk seemseem hi.

C. Zopau/lai Taang-kam (common dialect)

1910 kum Cope Topa Tedim hong tun’ ciangin Tedim gam sungah (tu lai Tedim,


Tonzang, Cikha township) hong zin kawikawi-a, pau namneu tuamtuam a om lam hong thei hi; bang kamtawh lai gelh le’ng tangzai-in kizangh kim thei peen ding hiam cih hong kan hi. 1919 kum-in Tedim Vuandok zumah kampau zattaang ding tawh kisai kikupna nei uh hi. Cope Topa Khamtung hong tun’ ma 1891 kum-in Captain Rundall in Siyin lai bawlsak khin ahih manin, Siyin lai/kam zat ding zongh kikum uh hi. Hih kikupna Pu Ngul Langh’ ciaptehna-ah:

Hih thu kikupna sungah Sihzang kam zang ding a kicih ciangin, Hiangzang khua hausa Pu Zam Khaw Thang (Thahdo kam zang), Hangken hausa Pu Kam Pum (Thahdo kam zang), Phaitu khua hausa Mantuang nam Pu Khan Thawng (Zo kam zang), Salzang khua hausa Pu Zaang Khaw Lian ( Zo kam zang), Tuimui khua hausa Guite nam Pu Mang Za Thang (Paite kam zang) le Haiciin khua hausa Pu Tual Pum (Paite kam zang)-te in Sihzang kam tel kei ungh ci-in nial uh hi. A tel lo takpi mah uh hiam ci-in Sihzang kam tawh kihopih-a tel zo lo takpi uh hi. Tua thu kikupna sungah Tedim kam i cih a zangh diak khua a hi: Tedim, Ngennung, Haupi, Gawngmual, Leilum, Lezang, Tongsial, Lamzang, Lailui, Mangken, Kahgen, Taaklam, Tonzang, Tungtuang, Anlangh, Gamlai, Khuaimual le Seitual khua pan-a taangmi a pai hausa le upate a pau khat beek om vet lo-in, Sihzang pau zat ding lah nial lo, Tedim pau zat ding thu zong kamkupna neihpih tuan lo uh hi. Hih hunin Zogam kiukna pen Magwe khutnuai-ah om hi.

Hih bang teng hangin Tedim kam tawh Zolai simbu bawl ding thu khensatna hong om hi. Tedim pau pen taangkam/pau (common dialect) ding thukimna bek hi lo zaw-in, Tedim pau pen namneu te’ pau teng kigawm khawm a hihna tawh taangkam-a zat ding cihna hi zaw hi.

1980 kum-a kibawl Zomi magazineah Tg. Askeppee in a nuai-a bangin na gelh hi.

"Nidang lai-in Ciimnuai piang mite’ kampau nam guk a hi: Teizang kam, Saizang kam, Thahdo kam, Vaiphei kam, Guite kam le Zo kam paute na teeng khawm uh hi. Amaute in dawi biakna tual khat bek zangh uh hi. Hih bangh teen’ khopna panin pau nam tuam khat piangkhia-a, tua pen Tedim kam (Koine Tedim) kici tu lai-a Zolai Simbu kigelh pen ahi hi. Tedim pau ah pau namkim kigawm peen ahih man-in Tedim gambup (tu lai Tedim, Tonzang, Cikha gamte) ah taang kam hong suak hi." (Sihzang kam zongh…-- author)

Hih Tedim kam-pau Zomite pen tu lai Saizang khua gei-a Ciimnuai-ah teeng masa uh hi cih pen nialna ding omlo hi. I pu i pate Ciimnuai-ah a teen’ lai-un pau khat bek hi-a, hong kikhen-in mun tuamtuam-ah hong teen’ ciangin pau tuamtuam hong piang ahi hi. Ciimnuai-a a teen’ khop lai-un a pau zat uh (original dialect) pen Saizang pau hi kha ding hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh Saizang khua


tawh kinaai, tanglai Zo lapite-ah Saizang kam kihelna tam mahmah hi. Tua ban-ah tu hun-a Tedim khua tual-a teeng khangham lamte’ Tedim pau zat pen Saizang pau tawh kibangh khin phial hi.

II. ZOLAI SIMBU

1921 kum-in Burne Mangpa (Lt. Col. I. E. Burne, Deputy Commissioner and Battalion Commander) makai-in Falam khua ah sang vai kikupna thupi mahmah khat nei uh hi. Sang khempeuh-ah Zolai tawh laisin thei ding cih thu hi-a, hih thu a zaak ciangin Cope Topa zongh lungdam mahmah hi. Hih hun-in Zogam-ah tanli sang guk bang bek om pan-a Kawl lai tawh pilna sin uh hi. 1922 kum ciangin Maymyo khua-ah sang vai mah kikum kik uh-a, Laizo kam tawh pilna sin ding gelna a neih uh ciangin Cope Topa lungkim lo-in, Tedim kam le Laizo kam tawh laisin ding le Cope Topa’ bawl laigelh zia zuih ding kumpi tungah ngetna nei hi. 1924 kum May kha-in Burne Haka hong pai-in Cope Topa tawh kimu uh-a, Zogam ah Laizo kam le Tedim kam tawh laisin ding le laisim bu bawl ding, thukimna nei uh hi. 1925 kum-in Mikang kumpi vaihawmna tawh Zogam sang khempeuh kumpi khut sung tungin, Zolai tawh tanli ciang ki sin hi. Kumpite in Zogam-ah sang-uk mangpa a seem dingin Cope Topa sawl uh ahih manin tu ni dongin "Sangmangpa" kici hi. Zogam Sangmang te lak-ah Haka, Laizo, Teizang, Sihzang, Saizang le Tedim kam a pau thei pen Cope Topa bek ahi hi.

A. Cope Topa’ Bawl Zolai Simbute

Cope topa in Thuciam Thak Zolai tawh hong teisak ban-ah, thu kizakna tuamtuam le laisimna-a zat ding laibu tampi hong bawlsak hi. Tedim kam tawh Zolai simbu bawl ding khensatna a om khit ciangin Cope Topa in a nuaia sanglai simbute hong bawlsak hi.

1. Nate thubu bu 4, tan 1-4 2. Cidamna thubu bu 3, tan 2-4 3. Ganan bu bu 4, tan 1-4 4. Zolai simbu bu 4, tan 1-4

Cope Topa in lai simbu nam 15 hong bawlsak-a, 1924 June kha sanghon’-a kipan-in Zogam-ah zangh-in, kum 28 sung kheelna, puahna om lo-in kizangh suak hi. 1953 June kha sanghon’-a kipan-in Zolai simbu teng simloh a dang teng kizangh nawn loin, Kawllai tawh lai kisin hi. Zogam sang khempeuh-ah Zolai subject khat bek-in kisin ta hi.1924 pan 1971 dong, kum 47 sung puahphatna om lo-in Cope Topa’ bawl Zolai simbu kizangh hi. 1964 le 1976 kikaal kum 12 sung Zolai simbu bawl ding tavuan la om lo ahih manin Tan 2 pan Tan 4 dong Zolai simbu zat ding kinei lo hi.

B. Zolai Simbu Puahphatna

1970 December ciangin Tan-Lang Zolai simbu puahphatna kinei hi. 1975 kumin a nih veina Zolai Tan-Lang bu kipuahpha hi.1976 kum ciangin Tan Khat pan Tan Li dong puahphatna kinei-a, Cope Topa’ bawlna sung-ate, tu hun tawh a kituak nawn lo teng puahpha-in, a kisamte kibehlap hi. Cidamna lam, nate thu, thu tuamtuam le tangthu hoih nono (Mu Nei Thang Dal,


Cing Khup le Ngam Bawm, cihte) kiguan’ beh hi. Tu laitak-a a kizangh Zolai simbu pen Tedim Myone Council Zum nimit 10/7/1986, Zumlai No. 02/32 Tahtah-1 tawh a kipuah Zolai Simbu Kawmite-te in a sunga thute a gelh uh ahi hi.

C. Zolai Simbu Khetna (Publishing)

A tunga i gensa bangin Zokam, Zolai, Lai simbu hong pian’khiat nading, a baih hi lo hi. Lai simbu hong pian’khiat khit ciangin zongh laibu bawlna ding tha le ngal, sum le paai baih lo leeuleeu hi. Hih ih Zolai simbu pen Kumpi in hong vaihawmpih hi lo-in, ei le ei in i vaihawm ahi hi. Tavuan la nuam om kei leh Zolai simbu a ki nei nawn lo ding hi ziau mawk hi. A seem a bawlte zongh sum tawh kicial hi lo-a, deihsakna tawh sup thuak-a nasepna ahi hi. A beisa kum bangzah sung hiam Zogam sangte-ah kumpi in Zolai sinsak nawn lo cih thu kiza hi. Kidah mahmah-in a thu a kikankan teh, a kisinsak nawn lo hi loin, Zolai simbu bawlna ding sum om loin, kibawl zo nawn lo-a, laibu a om loh teh sin ding a om lo hi, cih thu Zolai simbu vai-sai-te in gen uh hi. Hih thu a kitheih ciangin Zogam-ah Zolai a kisinna ding deihsakna lianpi tawh Zomi Baptist Church, Florida, USA pawlpi in Tan Lang pan in Tan Li dong (bu tul 20 val) Zolai simbu khetna ding a bei teng vaihawmsak dingin khentatna nei uh hi. Tua bang hong vaihawm khiat uh ih minam aadingin nasep thupi le nasep hoih mahmah khat hi dingin ka um-a, angtan’ huai-in, lungdam huai mahmah hi.

Thu khupna le Thuumna:

Zogam it, minam veii a kuamah peuh in, a omsa i pau, i laite keem-in zuun-in, ma i pan’ khop ding deih huai mahmah hi. Kampau in minam keemcing-a, lai in kampau, ngeina le tangthu te keemcing ahih mah bangin, sang-ah Zolai kisin nawn kei-in, biakna labu, Lai Siagntho-te ei’ lai tawh hong om kei mawk leh i pau le i lai hong bei mawk ding hi. Ei gamdang om Zomite in nuatah ci-in i pau i lai mangngilh kei ni. I pau le i lai mangngilh le’ng i minam zongh a mangngilh, a bei hong suak ding hi. Tu laitakin minam neu i hih hangin hun hong paipai dinga, nikhat ni teh i suan i khakte hong tam-in minam lian i suak ding hi. Minam lian khat in pau le lai nei lo cih om thei lo hi. Sangmang J. H. Cope Topa in minam khat a i din’ theih nadingin pau le lai hong guan khin zo hi. Ei a pau nei, a lai nei-te in thupi sa kei mawk le’ng dah huai-in hai huai lua ding hi. Namdang te lak-ah i om zongin inn sungah Zopau mah zangh-in, i tu i tate Zolai mah sinsak tanghtangh ciat ni. Mailam-ah hih Zolai simbu sung-a hel ding thu hoih nono gelh-in, Zonote i sinsak zawh nading, sang kah zo lote zongh sum le paai tawh i pan’pih zawh ciat nadingin tha saan-in hanciam ciat ni. (ZCLS Silver Jubille laibu sung siksan-in k’ong gelh ahi hi)

[Hih lai, 19 JUL 05 TUE ni-in kingah hi.]

Vahui Magazine 2006 panin kong copy ahihi. Lungdam

Thawn Tuang

   

Zomi Nam Ni leh I Tavuan

Zomi Nam Ni leh I Tavuan
Tg. Vung Lian Mang

 

Tu kum 2006 kumin Florida Zomi Innkuan makaihna tawh America gam, Floria state sunga kibawl Zomi Nam Ni kum 58 cin'na-ah thugenpi dingin hong kiseh manin angtang mahmah ing. Hih bangin US gam sung khawng a tung ding leh hih bangin Zomi u leh naute tawh Zomite’ Ni Thupi mahmah ahi, Zomi Nam Ni zang khawm thei dingin ka ngaihsun ngei kei-a, hun manpha hong pia i Topa Pasian tungah lungdamna ko masa ing. Mipil misiam leh mihau tampi kawmkal-ah kei n'ong seh uh pen kei sangin a kilawm zaw ding upa mipil tampi om ding ahih manin kisuang sim ing. Bangbang ahi zongin makaite in deihsakna tawh hun hong pia uh ahih manin Florida Zomi Innkuan vaihawm upate tungah lungdam hong ko ing. Zomi Nam Ni bawlnaah hong kihel thei u leh nau a kuamah peuh tungah zong lungdam hong ko ing.

 

Tuni-in mihing’ phu (human rights) a kithupisakna gam, US-ah Zomi Nam Ni i zat theih thupi ka sa-a, a suakta gam ahih mah bangin suakta takin thu gen leeng ka ut hi. (Kuamah in na za kik kei peuh leh maw!) Zomi Nam Ni tawh kisai-in thulupi thum gen dingin hong kiging ing.

 

1) Zomi Nam Ni hong pian’khiatna a tomin

2) A beisa hun-a Kawlgam ki-ukna leh Zomite

3) Tu laitak Zomite’ din’mun leh i kalsuan zia ding hanthotna

1) Zomi Nam Ni hong pian’khiatna a tomin

 

 

I Zolai simbu sungah ‘F -- February 20 ni, Zomi Nam Ni hi’ ci-in sin hi hang. Bang hangin hih February 20 ni sese hi-a bangci bangin Zomi Nam Ni hong piang hiam, cih thu theih huai hi. Hih ni hong pian’khiatzia i theih nadingin tangthu tawm sut kik kul ding hi.

 

 

Tu-a Kawlgam-ah i pu i pa Zomite, tuma kum za tampi lai-in na teengin kiummawh hi. Tua hun lai-in Zomite pen kisuakta-in i gam i lei-ah khua hausa, ukpi cih bangin ei leh ei a ki-uk minamte i hi hi. Mangkang (British) gamkeekte i gam hong lut ma-in Zomi in kua minam, kua kumpi tungah siah leh bumh pia ngei lo banah kuama' vaihawmna nuai-ah om ngei lo uh hi. Hih thu tawh kisai-in Zo Tangthu (Zo History) a gelh Pu Vumson in "1885 kum-in Mangkang-Kawl Gal Thum Veina a bei khit ciangin Kawl kumpi gam a kisiat hun-in Kawl kumpi ukna gam in Irrawaddy gun dung ahi khanglam-ah Aunglan ciang, saklam-ah Bhamo ciang hi. Zomi te teen’na gam pen Kawl kumpi ukna nuai hi lo hi," ci-in na gelh hi. Tua hun lai-in Kawl leh Zomite pen a suakta minam leh gam tuak hi-a, gam kituhna leh gal kidonate om loin gam leh minam kikal-ah kizahtakna nei tuak uh hi. Hih thu tawh kisai-in UNO-ah Secretary-General lui a hi U Thant in ama’ laibu gelh "Pyidawtha Khayi" sungah "Toungoo hun, Bayintnaung kumpi hun, Inwa hun leh Alaungpaya kumpite hun-in Zomite in Kawl kumpi’ aadingin galkap a seem tampi om hi, kici hi. Kawl tangthu sungah Kawl leh Zomi-te kikal-ah a ciapteh taak ding gal kidona om ngei lo hi," ci’n na gelh hi.

 

 

Mangkang kumpi in 1886 kumin Kawl kumpi ahi Thibaw ukna gamte sut hi. 1888 kum December kha ciangin Gen. George White makaihna tawh Mangkang galkap tampi tak in Zogam hong do uh hi. Minam leh gam it Zomite in zong luang leh ban phal-in Mangkang galkapte a do thuk uh hangin galhiam kibat lohna hang tawh a tawpna-ah Mangkangte’ vaihawmna pen lungkim het lopi mah-in na sang uh hi. 1892 kum ciangin Zogam saklam teng ahi, Tedim, Falam leh Haka gam teng gawm khawm-in ‘Chin Hills’ ci uh-a, vaihawm Mangpi dingin Maj. Brown koih-in Falam khuapi-ah zum hong hi. 1896 kumin British Parliament panin "Chin Hills Regulation Act" (Chin Taung-tan-mya Simyin U-pa-day) phuang uh-a, Zogam pen hih upadi zui-in Kawlgam gam-ukpi (Governor of Burma) in direct-in uk hi. Hih upadi pen Zomite leh Kawl mite, vaihawmna khat nuaiah om khawm ngeilo i hihna bulphuh-a kibawl ahi hi. Tu-a Zomi Nam Ni hong kipatna pen hih upadi phiat maai ding deihna leh mipi deihna tawh ki-ukna (democracy) tawh vaihawmna hi-a, Falam khua-ah mipi’ kikhopna pana hong kipankhia ahi hi.

 

 

A beisa hun i et kik ciangin February 20 ni pen lamdang takin Zomite’ tangthu sungah ni thupi leh minam thu vaihawmna ni tawh kituak thei den se hi. Tuate gensuk daudau leeng:

 

1918 February 20 ni-in "Zomi Siamsinna Tawsawn Pawl" (Chin Education Uplift Society) cih kipawlna, Maymyo-ah hong piang hi.

 

1928 February 20 ni-in political organization masa pen "Zogam Kipumkhatna Pawl" (Chin Hills Union Organization), Zogam khanglamah, Vawmhtu Maung in makaih hi. (Vomthu cih zongin kigelh hi).

 

1938 February 20 ni pen i pu i pate in Britishte do-a i gam pana hawlkhiat hong kipatkhiat ni hi-in, Kanpetlet-ah mi tampi tak in mat thuakin, pawlkhat in sih lawh hi.

 

1947 February 20 ni-in Falam khua-ah Zo minam bup khawmpi kisamin "Panglong Thukimna (Agreement)" mipi in kipsak hi.

 

Mangkangte in tua thukhun’ zangin Zogam-ah amau’ vaihawmna a lamzan' nading ngimna-in Zomi ukpite hong zang uh-a, ukpite’ tungah siah leh bumh kaih theihna leh thuneihna pawlkhat pia lai uh hi. Tua bangin mipi te tungah siah leh bumh kaihna kilawm lo takin a tam ciangin hih pen Mangkangte' vaihawmna hang hi ci'n mipite in mukhia uh ahih manin Mangkang kumpite tungah lungkim lohna tam seEmsEem hi. Tua hunlaia mipite’ tunga thunei ukpite tungah a lungkim lo zong tam mahmah hi. Mangkangte’ sila i hih, a sang thei lo Zomi khangnote sung panin Mindat uk, Vawmhtu khuami Pu Vawmhtu Maung makai-in 1933 kumin Mangkang kumpi do nadingin "Chin National Union" (Chin-taung Nyi-nyut-yay A-phway) cih hong kiphuankhia hi. Zogam saklam gamte sangin khanglam (taungpaing-te) pen nainganzi lamah khua na mu masa uh hi. Tua CNU in Kawlmi gam it khangnote kipawlna ahi Do Bamar A-si-a-yone (We Burmans’ Association) tawh kizopna nei-in Kawlgam in suahtakna a ngah ciang Zogam zong suahtakna piak ding cih thu Mangkang kumpite tungah ngen uh hi. Gen. Aung San in zong Kawlgam sunga mualtung mite kiangah Kawlmite tawh suahtakna laak khawm ding na na zol den hi.

 

 

1947 kum Aung San-Attlee Agreement zui-in Mangkang kumpi in Kawl kampaute tamna-zanggam (Burma Proper) suahtakna a piak ciangin mualtung gam teng zong suahtakna a hong piakna uh manlang zaw ding hi cih upna leh lametna tawh 1947 kum February kha 12 ni-in Kawl mite leh mualtung mi teng kipawl khawm-a suahtakna laak ding thukimna Shan gam Panglong khua-ah letmat thuhna nei uh hi. Tua thukimna hang bek tawh 1948 kum January kha 4 ni-in Kawl mite leh mualtung mite khempeuh pen Mangkangte in suahtakna hong pia uh hi. Hun hong beibei-a Kawlgam kumpi hong kilaihlaih-in Zomite i suahtakna leh i khantohna ding thute hong kikhaktanin henkol sungah lehtun kik i hih manin Sia Hang Khan Lian in "Sal suah na’nga khutpi mek ni February 12, Union Day" na na ci ngei hi. Tu-in zong Zomi Nam Ni ci-a i bawl ngakngak hangin 1948 malai hun-a Zomite’ ngainganzi (politics) tawh kisai-a i din'mun a lehtun’ kikkik i hi gige hi.

 

Zomite in Mangkang kumpi’ ukna nuai panin suahtakna a ngah uh hangin ukpi vaihawmna nuai pan suahtakna ngah nai lo uh hi. Tua ahih manin Zomi mipite in suahtakna ii gahte a kicing taka ngah theihna ding pen in, tua hun lai-a Chin Affairs Council thunei vaihawmte' nasep ding mawhpuakna masa ahi hi. Tua hi-a, Chin Hills Regulations Act in Zomite tungah bangzah takin gimna pia hiam, cih kankhia dingin Kawlgam kumpi in Thukankhia committee seh-a, ahi zongin a hun hong sawt toh luat ding dah uh hi. Tua ahih manin 1947 kum Kawlgam thukhunpi (Constitution) zui-a Zo Vuanzi (Chin Affairs Miniter) a seem masa peen Pu Vawmhtu Maung leh Chin Affairs Council-ah President a seem masa peen ahi Captain Pu Tg. Mang Tung Nung-te makai-in Zomi leh Zogam ii mailam vai ding thu kikum dingin 1948 kum February kha ni 19-22 kikaal sung teng Zomi khawmpi Falam khua-ah sam uh hi. Tua khawmpi-ah Zogam mun tuamtuam pan mipi 5000 kah ci-in kiciamteh hi.

 

 Tua khawmpi sungah thukhensatna khempeuh pen Democracy pai zia kizui-a, tua lak pan a thupi peen khat in Ukpi vaihawmna pan mipi deihna bulphuh ahi Democracy paizia tawh Zogam vaihawm theih nading cih thu Subedar Pu Tg. Thang Za Kai (Tuithang) in na sungg-a, Falam (Lailun) pan U Chun Mang leh Kanpetlet pan U Thang Maung te in thukimpih uh hi. Tua thusun’ (motion) pen vote (me) khiatna tawh khensatna kinei-a, a deih mi a tamzaw hi-in a deihlo mi 7 bek om ahih manin tua thusun’ kipsakna kinei hi. Tua thusun’ kipsak ni pen khawmpi a ni nih ni ahi, February kha 20 ni ahi hi. Tua bangin hun khat pan hun khat-ah a kikheelna-ah mipite’ deihna pen thuneite in zong zahtak-in suahtakna, kilemna, thumaanna a deih Zomite lungsim a kilatsak ni pen "Zomi Nam Ni" ci-in kiciamteh hi. Hih pen Zomite aadingin leitung-ah minam picing khat ahihna kilatna ahi hi. Tua hunah Kawlgam Kumpi (President) Sao Shwe Thaik zong va kah-a, amah mah zong Shan Ukpi nam ahih manin Zogam-a Ukpi vaihawmna a bei ciangin a lungnuam lo-a, ukpite tungah huhna (yawkyay) piak ding cih thu tangko pah hi. Tua ahih manin, Zomi Nam Ni pen mi honkhat kikaikhawm pak-a, vaihawm ziau-a piang thu neuno hi peuhmah lo hi.

 

 

2) A beisa hun-a Kawlgam ki-ukna leh Zomi Nam Ni vai

 

 

Gen. Ne Win in amah'n kumpi a sep suak theihna ding ngimna tawh Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP — Ma-sala) phuankhia-a, 1947 kum Kawlgam bup thukhun’pi phiat-in 1974 kumin Kawlgam bup aading thukhun’pi a thak gelhsak hi. Tua thukhun’pi zui-in Zogam pen gamke (state) level-in a koih uh hangin deihsakna tawh a kipia gamke (state) hi lo-a, BSPP ii gam-uk vaihawmna-ah a nop zawkna ding deihna tawh administrative unit khat ciang bek ahi hi. Bang teng ahi zong tua thukhun’pi a kikipsak ni 1974 kum January kha ni 3 ni pen Zogam in gamke (state) a ngah ni-in kiciamteh thei hi. BSPP in Zomite pen lungsim siangtho tak leh deihsakna tak tawh hong pia hi lo hi. Zomite ngeina leh minam vaite a man'than' theihna dingin lampi tuamtuam tawh hanciam den hi. A masa-in "Chin Special Division" pen "Chin (Zomi) State" a hong piak ma-in "Zomi Nam Ni" pen "Chin Special Division Day" cih tawh kheel ding hanciam masa hi. 1974 kum thukhun’pi zui-in Chin Special Division pan Chin (Zomi) State a hong piak ciangin "Zomi Nam Ni" pen "Chin (Zomi) State Day" cih minvawh sawm leeuleeu uh hi. Hih hanciamnate pen Kawl kumpite in Zomite tungah deihsakna a hong neih lohna uh a kilatna khat ahi hi.

 

 

I gam leh i minam’ aadinga i pu i pate' hanciamna leh gualzawhsate pahtawi leh phawk den ding deihna-in, a tup leh a ngim teng uh a khit ni (kip suak kei mah leh) — 1948, February 20 ni siksan-in, February 20 ni pen Zo Minam Ni dingin Zo Zum (Chin Affairs Council) in October 9, 1950 ni-in kipsak ahi hi.

 

 

1951, Feruary 20 ni-in Mindat khua-ah Zo Minam Ni a khatveina official-in a kizat masak, Kawlgam Prime Minister U Nu in hong uap hi. Hih panin kum simin Zo Minam Ni kizang toto ahi hi.

Kawlgam sungah ki-ukna hong kilaihlaih-in i gam sungah hamphatna kikim, din’mun kikim-in Mangkang kumpi khut nuai pan suaktak ding lametna tawh Panglong Thukimna (Panglong Agreement) a kibawl hi mah leh, tua zawh kum 58 ciangin Zomite’ nun’takna pen Mangkang kumpi’ uk lai sangin suuksia zaw leh kumpi sung thuneihna lamah bangmah ngah nawn lo, biakna vai-ah hong kideidanin Zomi khat, mualtung mi khat hihna tawh galkap sung bangah zaa nei kuamah kiom nawn lo hi. Zomite’ salsuah na’ngin khutpi a meek kha takpi mah hi lo i hiam? Tu-in zong tu'n pawh hih bang dan om kik leh pawh, khial nawn kei ning, i ci ngam tuan diam?

 

 

(3) Tulaitak Zomite din'mun leh i kalsuan zia ding hanthotna

 

Zo Minam Ni zatna hangin i minam sungah kipumkhat leh phattuamna tampi hong piang ahih manin Kawl kumpi lunghimawhin ngai dah-a 1956, 1957 leh 1958 kumin Zo Minam Ni zat ding phal lo hi. 1966 kumin Kawlgam Taw-hlan-ye Kaungsi (Revolutionary Council) kumpi in Zo Minam Ni pen Chin Special Division Day ci-in khek dingin thu hong bawla, 1975 kum panin February 20 ni pen Chin State Day leh Zo Minam Ni cih khop dingin thu bawl leuleu hi. 1981 kum panin tu dong Zo Minam Ni zat limlim Kawl kumpi in phal nawn lo-in hong khaam suak hi. Kei' tuahkhak lian khat bang 1997 kumin Zangkong khua, Padonma Zatyone (theatre) ah Zomi Nam Ni bawl lian dinga kisa pen nai lang sapin na khawl kik un, cih thu om-a, khawl kul mawk hi. Kum 2001in zong a mun ding ngah zawh loh manin Zangkong khua-ah Zomi Nam Ni kibawl zo lo tazen hi. Ni kum 2005 ciangciang pen Golden Jubilee Hall ah sangnaupangte’ pang beel-in kibawl thei lai hi. Tu kum zong Zomi Nam Ni a kibawl nop hangin bawl khuan/phalna kingah nawn lo cih kiza hi. Zomi Siamsinte’ Maithak muakna khawng tawh thuah-a bawl kul zel ding dan khat hi.

 

 

Hih bang danin paipai leeng i minam ni hong bei thei dinga, i minam itna lungsim zong hong beibei thei ding hi. Ukeng hing lai beel sungah a kihuan i bat khak ding dah huai sa ing. Beel nuai panin mei kikhuut-a a tui damdamin hong lum toto hi. Sa nai kei ci-a, ukeng a omna lamin a tui hong sa-a, tua ukeng pen sih tawh hong kizom hi. Zomite aadingin hun leh nite damdamin hong haksa tektek-a, ei aading nuamlai, phamawh sam kei e, cih tawh i paipai leh beel sunga kisuang ukeng bangin i theih loh kalin mangthang thei ding hi hang. Tu'n zong Kawlgam sung lianah Zomi Nam Ni bawlna vai hi ta leh, i minam aading vaihawm theihna pen damdam-in hong beibei hi ta hi. Zomite tuni-in ei tung leh i minam bup tungah haksatna hong tung pah kei kha mah-inteh; ahi zongin tu-a bangin a pai leh ei’n zong vaihawm khat i neih kei leh, tu zawh a sawt loin Zomite cimit thei ding hi hang. A mihing i nungta zongin i minam hihna bei-in gam a nei nawn lo suak thei ding hi hang. Pilvaan' hun leh khan'lawh hun hi ta hi. Kawlgam uk sungah Zomi Nam Ni i bawl theih nawn loh meel kitel nawn lo hi.

 

 

Tua ahih manin k’ong it Zomi u leh naute aw, kum simin Zomi Nam Ni bawl ciang tawh lungkim lai ding i hi hiam? I minam’ aadingin lungsim kipumkhat-in na sep sawm ve ni. Tu kum kipat tuung January 14 ni-in America gam huam ding Zomi Innkuan (USA) ii thukhunpi kipsakna kinei zo ta-a, lungdamhuai mahmah hi. Zomi cih min a deih leh a sang zo teng mahmah hih kipawlna tawh kizom-a vai i hawmkhop ding k’ong deihsak hi. Eimi sungah biakna pawlpi tuamtuam

kinei-a, tuate pen Pasian’ thu-a kikhop kipawlna-in nei-in, i minam vai leh haksadonghu vai tuamtuam-ah hih Zomi Innkuan (USA)-ah kipawl theih ding thupi ka sa hi. Florida Zomi Innkuan zong a innteek a bulpi khat hi, cih na za ing. Hih banga kipawlna in hun saupi-ah i minam aadingin vaang neihna leh mite’ zahtakna hong ngahsak ding hi. I minam min tawh i vaihawmnate in zong thu hong nei zaw ding hi. Biakna leh lu-hmu-ye (social) khen siam leeng deih huai hi.

 

 

Kawlgam sung bang i et kik ciangin Kawlgam sung suahtakna leh democracy i ngah nadingin na a seem zo, na a seem ngam kitawm mahmah lai-a, ei a mimal-in i kihel zo kei zongin a seem a bawl nuam, a seem a bawl laite tha i kipiak siam ding tuni-in k’ong hanthawn nuam hi. Nainganzi (politics) pen ei tawh kisai kei ci kei ni. Kawlgam sung kiukna a hoih loh man -a US-a a tung tam mahmah hi hang. I gam nuam leh kuamah puapial khol lo kha ding hi hang. Tu laitakin CRPP, NLD leh mipi makai tampi takte in Kawlgam ah suahtakna leh democracy ngah nadingin a nun’takna uh khaam-in na hong seem uh hi. Ei Zomi sung panin zong a kilang deuh-ah Pu Tg. Chin Sian Thang leh ZNC makaite i minam a vei pawlkhatte in tuni ciangdong hang takin na hong seem uh hi. Party vai a gen ka hi kei-a, hih bang haksat hun taktak cianga hong makaih, gam aading summeet lametna tawh hi leh hong kipia lo ding-te buang, tha pia buang teei ni, a ci ka hi hi. I makaite mipi in en lo hi hang. Pu Tg. Chin Sian Thang bang pen Kawlgam sung mualtung mi khempeuh taanga thu gen thei, a gengen ahi hi. Eimi’ aadingin angtan’ huai mahmah hi. I minam’ aading kin lo-in, i makaite pan'pih (support) kei lailai leeng, a tawpna-ah i minam bup-in suplawh ding hi hang. I gambup haksa-in gentheihna i thuak laitak ei’ taanga a seem ngamte pen kua mi kua sa ci lo-in tha i piak ding, ei a suakta gama teengte in pan’pih huai saam lo ding hiam? America gam sungah nun’tak na’ngin i kikhual zah khat-in Zogam-a omlai i minampihte’ aadingin zong naseem-a thu i ngaihsut ding i kihanthawn hi. A sesmsesmsate zong tha i kipia hi.

 

 

Tua banah, Zomi Reunification Organization (ZRO) ii President pipa Pu Tg. Thang Lian Pau in zong ZoNet sung pana hong khah, Zomi Nam Ni tawh kisai Makaipi Thu Vaikhakna (Presidential Message) sungah hong hanthot mah bangin i minam i man’than’ loh (survive) na’ng leh nopsak (prosper) na’ng-in Thumaan (Truth), Suaktakna (Freedom), Kipumkhatna (Unity), Nopsakna (Prosperity) thute leh vannuai leitung-ah gam (land) kician khat i ngah na’ngin ZRO nasepnate-ah i pan’pih tek ding i kihanthawn pha hi. Zomite zong niam nawn lo hi hang; leitung bup level-a taite hih sawm ni. Zomi, Chin, Laimi, Asho ci-in Net sung khawng-ah tua thute bek tawh i buaibuai sang-in i tun’na mun pan i minam bup kalsuan khop theih ding geel ta leeng hoih ding hi. Ei’ khua, ei’ pau bek ciang bek tawh suakta zo lo ding hi hang. Minam’ aading vaihawmna-ah masak ding leh nunun’ ding nei-in min vai tawh buai nawn kei ni. I gam a beibei, a siasia hi ta hi. Ei leh ei kilem thei lo-in kitawngtawng nawn kei ni.

 

 

Ka thukhupna dingin hih thu teng k’ong hanthawn pha nuam hi.

 

US gam sungah nuntak na’ng i zon' kawm mahin i nusiat Kawlgam Zogam-a Zomite aadingin mailam nainganzi pai zia ding geel khol-in mi nungah i om khin phial zongin, tu’n mi tawh tan bang i kikim nadingin hanciam ni. Hih Zomi Nam Ni i bawlna ii a gah hong hi ding hi.

 

 

Gam leh minam nasepna-ah pawlpi leh biakna kideidan lo-in, leh tu’n a kiphuan thak Zomi Innkuan (USA) mah-ah kipawl tekin, i minam bup vai ding hawm sawm ni.

 

Kawlgam sunga kipawlna tuamtuam leh i neihsa Zomi minpua kipawlnate ahi ZNC, ZRO cihte mah phungvuh sawm ni. Political Affairs Committee of Chinland (PACC) tawh khut kilenin na sem khawm ni. Kipawlna khat peuhpeuh-ah mimal thaneemna leh hoih lohnate a om khak leh zong ki-en kei ni. Pan' khawm siam ni.

 

Minam min vai tawh buaibuai masa nawn lo-in i omna mun pan i minam bup, Tedim, Falam, Hakha, Mindat, Matupi, Kanpetlet, Paletwa, Asho, Aizawl, Lamka cih om lo-in ma pan' khop ding sawm ni. Ei leh ei dai kikai-in kisungkalh nawn kei ni. Tedim Zomite mi nungah cian/om ta hi hang. Takkheh, Zomi.

 

A tawpna ah, i Zolai Sim bu sunga mah bangin, Z - laimal ahi Z - Zomite hanlungciam khangto diam! A nuam Zomi Nam Ni kum 100 dongin a zang thei dingin a za, a ngai mimal khat ciat Topa in thupha hong pia ta hen. Amen.

 

February 20, 2006 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA

src: Vahui Magazine 2006 panin kong copy hi. Lungdam

Thawn Tuang